HomeAnnals of Tropical Researchvol. 39 no. Supplement A (2017)

Rainforestation farming to rehabilitate marginal uplands: history of its development

Victor B. Asio

 

Abstract:

Rainforestation Farming is a concept of rehabilitating degraded lands or restoring forests using native tree species. It was developed by Josef Margraf and Paciencia P. Milan of the Applied Tropical Ecology Project (Philippine-German Environmental Research Program) carried out by the Visayas State College of , Agriculture (ViSCA) and funded by the German Agency for Technical Cooperation (GTZ) from 1989 to 1999. In 2004, Rainforestation Farming was adopted as a national strategy by the Philippine Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR). After about 27 years, the concept has received wide acceptance by government and non-government organizations as well as the scientific community. The Institute of Tropical Ecology and Environmental Management (ITEEM), established in 1999, has been tasked to spearhead the promotion and dissemination of the concept to different parts of the country.



References:

  1. Asio VB and Milan PP. 2002. Improvement of soil quality in degraded lands through Rainforestation farming. Paper presented at the International Symposium on Sustaining Food Security and Managing Natural Resources in Southeast Asia: Challenges for 21st Century, Chiang Mai, Thailand
  2. Asio VB, Cabunos CC & Chen ZS. 2006. Morphology, physiochemical characteristics, and fertility of soils from quaternary limestone in Leyte, Philippines. Soil Science 171:648-661
  3. Asio VB, Jahn R, Stahr K & Margraf J. 1998. Soils of the tropical forests of Leyte, Philippines II: Impact of different land uses on status of organic matter and nutrient availability. In: Soils of Tropical Forest Ecosystems (pp37-44). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
  4. Asio VB. 1996. Characteristics, weathering, formation and degradation of soils from volcanic rocks in Leyte, Philippines. Hohenheimer Bodenkundliche Hefte 33, Stuttgart, Germany
  5. Balzer P. 1994. The Closed Canopy and High Diversity forest farming system: first evaluation 1994 two years after the initial planting. Technical Report. Philippine-German Applied Tropical Ecology Program, VISCA-GTZ, Baybay, Leyte, Philippines.
  6. Batistel CC and Asio VB. 2008. Effects of leaf decomposition of selected exotic and native tree species on forest soil quality. Annals of Tropical Research 30(1):29-39
  7. Ceniza MJC and Milan PP. 1997. Arthropods of selected dipterocarp trees in Mt. Pangasugan, Baybay, Leyte, Philippines and vicinity. In: Proceedings of International Conference on Reforestation with Philippine Species for Biodiversity Protection and Economic Progress. VISCA-GTZ Applied Tropical Ecology Project, Baybay, Leyte
  8. Ceniza MJC.1995. Arthropod abundance and diversity in different ecosystems of Mt. Pangasugan, Baybay, Leyte, Philippines, with special reference to the Coleoptera and Hymenoptera fauna. PLITS 13(3). Stuttgart, Germany
  9. Dargantes BB. 1996. Socio-ecological case studies on forest lands cultivation in Leyte, Philippines. PLITS 14(2). W. & S. Koch Verlag, Stuttgart, Germany
  10. Engler A. 1992. Ökologische Untersuchungen zur Arthropodengemeinschaft auf der Süßkartoffel (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Poir.) in Abhängigkeit von der Umgebungsvegetation auf der Insel Leyte (Philippinen) (Diplomarbeit), Institute of Plant Production and Agroecology in the Tropics and Subtropics, University of Hohenheim, Germany
  11. Grüninger M. 1993. Agrarökologische Untersuchungen zur Homopteren und Hymenopteren Fauna verschiedener Maniok-Anbausysteme auf der Insel Leyte/Philippinen, unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Mottenschildlaus Aleyrodicus dispersus Russel (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) (Diplomarbeit), Institute of Plant Production and Agroecology in the Tropics and Subtropics, University of Hohenheim, Germany
  12. Jahn R and Asio VB. 1998. Soils of the tropical forests of Leyte, Philippines 1: Weathering, soil characteristics, classification and site qualities. In: Soils of Tropical Forest Ecosystems (pp29-36). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
  13. Klee R. 1992. Untersuchungen zur Segetalflora im Süßkartoffelanbau der Insel Leyte (Philippinen) (Diplomarbeit), Institute of Plant Production and Agroecology in the Tropics and Subtropics, University of Hohenheim, Germany
  14. Langenberger G. 2006. Habitat distribution of dipterocarp species in the Leyte Cordillera:an indicator for species-site suitability in local reforestation. programs. Annals of Forest Science 63(2):149-156
  15. Margraf J and Milan PP. 1996a. Ecology of Dipterocarp forests and its relevance for island rehabilitation in Leyte, Philippines. In Schulte A and Schoene D (eds) Dipterocarp Forest Ecosystems: Towards Sustainable Management. World Scientific, Singapore
  16. Margraf J and Milan PP. 1996b. Rainforestation Farming: A farmers’ guide to biodiversity management for the Philippines. Philippine-German Applied Tropical Ecology Program, Baybay, Leyte, Philippines
  17. Marohn C. 2007. Rainforestation farming on Leyte island, Philippines -aspects of soil fertility and carbon sequestration potential (PhD dissertation). Institute for Plant Production and Agroecology in the Tropics and Subtropics Faculty. Agricultural Sciences, University of Hohenheim, Germany
  18. Milan PP and Margraf J. 1992. Land-use management towards increased biodiversity of ecosystems. Proc. workshop on Indigenous Knowledge and Sustainable Development, IIRR, Silang, Cavite, Philippines, June 24-26, 1992
  19. Milan PP and Margraf J. 1994. Rainforestation farming: an alternative to conventional concepts. Annals of Tropical Research 16(4) (Special Issue on Tropical Ecology):17-27
  20. Milan PP, Ceniza CC, Asio VB, Bulayog SB and Napiza MD. 2004. Evaluation of silvicultural management, ecological changes and market study of products of existing Rainforestation demonstration and cooperators’ farms. Terminal Report. GTZ-Leyte island Program, Buffer Zone Forest Management and Reforestation by Small Holder Communities Project
  21. Mueller-Edzard, C. 1994. Untersuchungen zur Artenzusammensetzung, Häufigkeitsverteilung und Größenklassenzusammensetzung verschiedener Gehölzarten auf 2 x 0.5 ha Primärwald am Mt. Pangasugan, Leyte, Philippinen (Diplomarbeit), University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
  22. Neuberger A. 2005. Rainforestation Farming: Geo-Economical and Landscape Relevant Aspects of the Philippine Approach for Subsistence and Ecosystem Improvement. (Diplomarbeit). Universität Tübingen, Fakultät f. Geowissenschaften, Tübingen, Germany
  23. Schütz P. 1996. Feldökologische Untersuchungen an einer Schwärmerartengemeinschaft (Sphingidae, Lepidoptera) in West-Leyte, Philippinen (Diplomarbeit), Institute of Zoology, University of Hohenheim, Germany
  24. Spatz R. 1992. Zusammensetzung der Arthropodenfauna im Süßkartoffelanbau der Insel Leyte (Philippinen) Erfassung unter Einsatz von Barberfallen und Farbschalen (Diplomarbeit), Institute of Plant Production and Agroecology in the Tropics and Subtropics, University of Hohenheim, Germany.
  25. Sueta JP, Asio VB and Tulin AB. 2007. Chemical dynamics of a highly weathered soil under native tree species in Mt. Pangasugan, Leyte. Annals of Tropical Research 29(1):73-89
  26. Susaya JP and Asio VB. 2005. Status of phosphorus in the rainforest ecosystem of Mt. Pangasugan, Leyte, Philippines. Annals of Tropical Research 27(2):69-80
  27. Widmann, P. 1994. Zur Bedeutung von Flughunden (Pteropodidae) bei der Bestäubung von Frucht- und Forstbäumen in Agroforestry-Systemen auf Leyte, Philippinen (Diplomarbeit), Universität Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
  28. Zikeli S. 1998. Nutrient status and nutrient cycles of the tropical rainforest, Mt. Pangasugan, Leyte, Philippines (Diplomarbeit). Martin Luther Univ. Halle, Landw. Fakultät, Inst. f. Bodenkunde und Pflanzenernährung. Halle-Wittenberg, Germany