HomePsychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journalvol. 38 no. 1 (2025)

Entrepreneurial Decision-Making and Sustainable Intention Among Small, Medium Enterprises Owners in Tacurong City

Eunice Bascos | Vernalyn Debaudin | Van Xanderli Dela Victoria | Cherrylyn Flores | Jose Decena III

Discipline: business studies

 

Abstract:

The study aims to explore the connection between entrepreneurial decision-making and the sustainable intention. It was conducted in Tacurong City with 140 small and medium enterprises owners. The research used multiple regression analysis and a mixed sampling approach. The survey questions were adapted where in it is based on previous studies, with some adjustments to fit the local context. The findings show that the level of entrepreneurial decision-making in Tacurong City was very high, including goal-setting, self-appraisal, information acquisation, plan-making, and problem-solving. The business owners also showed a very high intention to be sustainable, with a strong belief in the opportunity and desire to become sustainable entrepreneurs. The study found a significant link between entrepreneurial decision-making and the sustainable intention. Furthermore, it revealed that entrepreneurial decision-making strongly influences sustainable intentions. In conclusion, understanding the factors influencing their decisions helps small and medium sized enterprises owners in Tacurong City improve their entrepreneurial decision-making and sustainable intention.



References:

  1. Abebe, M. A., & Alvarado, D. (2020). The role of perceived opportunity and fear of failure on the relationship between entrepreneurial attitudes and entrepreneurial intention. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 27(7), 1060-1083.
  2. Aguilera, R. V., De Massis, A., Fini, R., & Vismara, S. (2024). Organizational goals, outcomes, and the assessment of performance: reconceptualizing success in management studies. Journal of Management Studies, 61(1), 1-36.
  3. Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50(2), 179–211.
  4. Ajzen, I. (2020). “The Theory of Planned Behavior: A Review of the Recent Literature”. Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies, 2(3), 275-290. This review provides a comprehensive update on the Theory of Planned Behavior, including its application to entrepreneurial intentions.
  5. Amirrudin, M., Nasution. K. & Supahar, S. (2021), Effect of variability on Cronbach alpha reliability in research practice Jumal Matematika, Statistica dan Komputasi, 17(2), 223-230.
  6. Anichin, V., Zdorovets, Y., Dobrunova, A., & Zhelyabovskiy, A. (2020, December). Actualization of goal-setting in the management of joint-stock companies. In 8th International Conference on Contemporary Problems in the Development of Economic, Financial and Credit Systems (DEFCS 2020) (pp. 204-208). Atlantis Press.
  7. Anwar, G., & Abdullah, N. N. (2021). Inspiring future entrepreneurs: The effect of experiential learning on the entrepreneurial intention at higher education. International Journal of English Literature and Social Sciences, 6.
  8. Aragon-Correa, J. A., Marcus, A., & Rivera, J. (2020). The academy of management perspectives’ special issue on sustainability and entrepreneurship: Review and insights for future research. Academy of Management Perspectives, 34(1), 3-9.
  9. Bandera, C., Keshtiban, S., & Passerini, K. (2020). Cognitive factors, gender, and entrepreneurial intentions: An empirical study. Journal of Business Research, 113, 105-115.
  10. Bandura, A. (1977). Self-efficacy: Toward a unifying theory of behavioral change. Psychological Review, 84(2), 191–215.
  11. Bandura, A. (1986). Social foundations of thought and action: A social cognitive theory. Prentice-Hall.
  12. Bhandari, P. (2023). Correlational Research | When & How to Use. Scribbr.
  13. Bhat, A. (2023). Descriptive Correlational: Descriptive vs correlational research. Questionpro
  14. Biel, M. (2024). Family ownership as a factor influencing the choice of goals of family businesses. Polish Journal of Management Studies, 29.
  15. Bird, M. D., Swann, C., & Jackman, P. C. (2024). The what, why, and how of goal setting: A review of the goal-setting process in applied sport psychology practice. Journal of applied sport psychology, 36(1), 75-97.
  16. Bock, A. J., Kauffman, H., & Huber, S. (2022). Sustainable Entrepreneurship: Understanding the role of self-efficacy. Journal of Business Research, 143, 100-113.
  17. Boyd, N. G., & Vozikis, G. S. (1994). The influence of self-efficacy on the development of entrepreneurial intentions and actions. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 18(4), 63–77.
  18. Breugst, N., Domurath, A., & Patzelt, H. (2021). The role of mentor–entrepreneur relationship quality in entrepreneurs’ success: An empirical investigation. Journal of Small Business Management, 59(4), 702-722.
  19. Chavoushi, Z. H., Aroul, R. R., Newbert, S. L., & Piva, E. (2021). Entrepreneurial ecosystems and opportunity identification: The moderating role of motivation and self-efficacy. Journal of Business Research, 125, 203-213.
  20. Chen, C. C., Greene, P. G., & Crick, A. (1998). Does entrepreneurial self-efficacy distinguish entrepreneurs from managers? Journal of Business Venturing, 13(4), 295–316.
  21. Chen, L., Wang, Y., & Zhao, X. (2023). Self-efficacy, plan-making, and entrepreneurial success: A study of emerging entrepreneurs. Journal of Small Business Management, 61(3), 558-572.
  22. Chen, Y. (2023, August). The Impacts of Goal Setting on Enterprises from a Corporate Social Responsibility Perspective. In International Conference on Economic Management and Green Development (pp. 273-279). Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore.
  23. Ciptono, W. S., Anggadwita, G., & Indarti, N. (2023). Examining prison entrepreneurship programs, self-efficacy and entrepreneurial resilience as drivers for prisoners’ entrepreneurial intentions. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 29(2), 408-432.
  24. Davis, R. (2020). Sustainability in business: The role of self-efficacy in decision-making. Journal of Global Business, 15(1), 92–107.
  25. Delahoy, R., Davey, C. G., Jamieson, A. J., Finlayson-Short, L., Savage, H. S., Steward, T., & Harrison, B. J. (2022). Modulation of the brain’s core-self network by self-appraisal processes. Neuroimage, 251, 118980.
  26. Etikan, I. (2020). Sampling and sampling methods. Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches. 1-15. doi:10.1201/9780429460537-2
  27. Ferreira, J. J., Fernandes, C. I., & Kraus, S. (2020). Entrepreneurship research: Mapping intellectual structures and research trends. Journal of Business Research, 115, 489-501.
  28. Fini, R., Grimaldi, R., Marzocchi, G. L., & Sobrero, M. (2020). The role of entrepreneurial self-efficacy and entrepreneurship education in entrepreneurial intentions and actions. Small Business Economics, 55(3), 717-735.
  29. García-Cruz, J., Pino, J. A., & Vázquez, C. (2021). The influence of self-efficacy on entrepreneurial intentions: A focus on sustainable entrepreneurship. Journal of Cleaner Production, 295, 126-144
  30. García-Rodríguez, F. J., Gil-Soto, E., Ruiz-Rosa, I., & Sene-Mir, A. M. (2020). Entrepreneurial intention and self-efficacy: The role of subjective norms and perceived environment. Sustainability, 12(12), 4848.
  31. Gregori, P., Holzmann, P., Krajger, I., Schwarz, E. J., & Harms, R. (2024). Entrepreneurship and environmental sustainability: the effects of passion and self-efficacy on entrepreneurial intentions. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, (ahead-of-print).
  32. Halizah, S. N., & Darmawan, D. (2023). Development Entrepreneurship Intention as an Effort to Improve the Level of the Consumer Household Economy. Bulletin of Science, Technology and Society, 2(1), 21-2510
  33. Hameed, I., Nawaz, M. S., Basheer, M. F., & Waseem, M. (2021). Predicting entrepreneurial intention through the lens of university support: A perspective of sustainability in higher education. Sustainability, 13(6), 3777.
  34. Hmoud, M., Abdelaziz, R., & Elkhwesky, Z. (2022). The impact of social values on sustainable entrepreneurial intention. Sustainability, 14(4), 2210.
  35. Huang, X., Knight, A. P., & Baer, M. (2021). Self-efficacy and decision making in the face of uncertainty: The mediating role of entrepreneurial self-efficacy. Journal of Business Venturing, 36(1), 106089.
  36. Jiatong, L., Qianqian, L., & Zhenyu, Z. (2021). Sustainable entrepreneurship: How does entrepreneurial self-efficacy influence entrepreneurial intention through sustainable opportunity recognition? Journal of Cleaner Production, 278, 124345.
  37. Jiatong, W., Murad, M., Bajun, F., Tufail, M. S., Mirza, F., & Rafiq, M. (2021). Impact of entrepreneurial education, mindset, and creativity on entrepreneurial intention: mediating role of entrepreneurial self-efficacy. Frontiers in psychology, 12, 724440.
  38. Johnson, A. (2019). Essays in Matching and Information Acquisition (Doctoral dissertation, Royal Holloway, University of London).
  39. Johnson, M. (2023). Sustainable entrepreneurial intentions in local contexts. Journal of Local Entrepreneurship, 38(2), 203–221.
  40. Kakkonen, M. L. (2020). Self-efficacy and entrepreneurial intentions: The moderating role of perceived social norms. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 26(4), 775-795.
  41. Karimi, S., Biemans, H. J., Lans, T., Chizari, M., & Mulder, M. (2021). The role of entrepreneurship education in developing students’ entrepreneurial intentions: An integrated model of self-efficacy, personality, and self-appraisal. Journal of Business Venturing, 36(3), 106011.
  42. Kautonen, T., Van Gelderen, M., & Fink, M. (2020). Robustness of the theory of planned behavior in predicting entrepreneurial intentions and actions. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 39(1), 655-674.
  43. Koe, W.-L., Omar, R., & Majid, I. A. (2021). Green entrepreneurship and sustainable development: The case of Malaysia. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 172, 121021.
  44. Kolvereid, L. (1996). Prediction of employment status choice intentions. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 21(1), 47–57.
  45. Krueger, N. F., Liñán, F., & Nabi, G. (2021). Cultural and cognitive foundations of sustainable entrepreneurship intentions. Journal of Business Research, 125, 108-117.
  46. Kumar, S., & Patel, V. (2023). The impact of self-efficacy on plan-making and entrepreneurial outcomes. Entrepreneurship Research Journal, 13(2), 123-141.
  47. Latham, G. (2020). Goal setting: A five-step approach to behavior change. In Organizational collaboration (pp. 10-20). Routledge.
  48. Lee, J., Kim, M., & Lee, S. (2021). Plan-making and entrepreneurial intention: An empirical study of early-stage entrepreneurs. Journal of Business Venturing, 36(2), 106223.
  49. Liñán, F., & Chen, Y.-W. (2009). Development and cross-cultural application of a specific instrument to measure entrepreneurial intentions. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 33(3), 593–617.
  50. Liñán, F., & Jaén, I. (2020). Entrepreneurial intention models. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 16(1), 1135-1145.
  51. Liñán, F., Santos, F. J., & Fernández, J. (2020). Assessing the sustainability of entrepreneurial intentions: The role of social and institutional environments. Journal of Business Research, 112, 125-134.
  52. Liu, Y., & Zhang, X. (2023). The role of self-efficacy in plan-making and its impact on entrepreneurial success. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 47(1), 112-133.
  53. Manley, S. C., Williams Jr, R. I., & Hair Jr, J. F. (2024). Enhancing TQM’s effect on small business performance: A PLS-SEM exploratory study of TQM applied with a comprehensive strategic approach. The TQM Journal, 36(5), 1252-1272.
  54. McCombes, S. (2023). Descriptive Research | Definition, Types, Methods & Examples. Scribbr
  55. Mei, H., Lee, C. H., & Xiang, Y. (2020). Entrepreneurship education and students’ entrepreneurial intention in higher education. Education Sciences, 10(9), 257.
  56. Nasiri, N., & Hamelin, N. (2020). Entrepreneurship-driven sustainability: Entrepreneurial intentions, opportunities and environmental values. Journal of Small Business & Entrepreneurship, 32(4), 371-387.
  57. Nawi, F. A. M., Tambi, A. M. A., Samat, M. F., & Mustapha, W. M. W. (2020). A review on the internal consistency of a scale: the empirical example of the influence of human capital investment on Malcom Baldridge quality principles in TVET institutions. Asian People Journal (APJ), 3(1), 19-29
  58. Newman, A., Obschonka, M., Moeller, J., & Chandan, H. (2021). Entrepreneurial self-efficacy: Exploring the moderating effect of emotional intelligence on entrepreneurial decision-making. Journal of Small Business Management, 59(4), 713-731.
  59. Nguyen, W., Ownsworth, T., Nicol, C., & Zimmerman, D. (2020). How I see and feel about myself: Domain-specific self-concept and self-esteem in autistic adults. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 913.
  60. NowiƄski, W., & Haddoud, M. Y. (2020). The role of inspiring role models in enhancing entrepreneurial intention. Journal of Business Research, 114, 1-8.
  61. Olaniran, O., & Mason, C. (2020). The role of business networks in supporting the development of sustainable entrepreneurs. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 26(6), 1365-1379
  62. Pelegrini, G. C., & Moraes, G. H. S. M. D. (2022). Does gender matter? A university ecosystem, self-efficacy and entrepreneurial intention analysis in Brazilian universities. Gender in Management: An International Journal, 37(2), 271-286.
  63. Polas, M. R. H., Raju, V., Muhibbullah, M., & Tabash, M. I. (2022). Rural women characteristics and sustainable entrepreneurial intention: a road to economic growth in Bangladesh. Journal of Enterprising Communities: People and Places in the Global Economy, 16(3), 421-449.
  64. Raosoft, Inc. (2004). Raosoft sample size calculator. http://www.raosoft.com/samplesize.html
  65. Romero-Colmenares, L. M., & Reyes-Rodríguez, J. F. (2022). Sustainable entrepreneurial intentions: Exploration of a model based on the theory of planned behaviour among university students in north-east Colombia. The International Journal of Management Education, 20(2), 100627.
  66. Roy, A., & Karna, A. (2020). Institutional influences on sustainable entrepreneurial intentions: A cross-country study. Journal of Cleaner Production, 256, 120394.
  67. Saeed, S., Yousafzai, S., Yani-de-Soriano, M., & Muffatto, M. (2020). The role of perceived university support in the formation of students’ entrepreneurial intention. Journal of Small Business Management, 58(1), 57-89.
  68. Sanchez-Garcia, V. E., Gallego, C., Marquez, J. A., & Peribáñez, E. (2024). The Green Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy as an Innovation Factor That Enables the Creation of New Sustainable Business. Sustainability, 16(16), 7197.
  69. Santos, S. C., & Liguori, E. W. (2020). Entrepreneurial self-efficacy and intentions: Outcome expectations as mediator and subjective norms as moderator. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 26(3), 400-415.
  70. Schunk, D. H. (1995). Self-efficacy and education and instruction. In J. E. Maddux (Ed.), Self-efficacy, adaptation, and adjustment: Theory, research, and application (pp. 281–303). Springer.
  71. Shahab, Y., Chengang, Y., Arbizu, A. D., & Haider, M. J. (2019). Entrepreneurial self-efficacy and intention: do entrepreneurial creativity and education matter?. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 25(2), 259-280.
  72. Shane, S., & Venkataraman, S. (2020). “The Promise of Entrepreneurship as a Field of Research” in Academy of Management Annals, 14(1), 208-232. This paper revisits the foundational concepts of opportunity recognition in entrepreneurship, focusing on how opportunities are perceived and acted upon.
  73. Shepherd, D. A., & Krueger, N. F. (2002). An intentions–based model of entrepreneurial teams’ social cognition. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 27(2), 167–185.
  74. Shepherd, D. A., Williams, T. A., & Patzelt, H. (2020). Thinking about entrepreneurial decision making: Review and research agenda. Journal of Management, 46(1), 36-69.
  75. Shinnar, R. S., Hsu, D., & Powell, B. (2020). Self-efficacy and entrepreneurial intentions: A study of entrepreneurs and non-entrepreneurs. Journal of Business Venturing, 35(4), 105934.
  76. Singh, S., Kumar, A., & Sharma, R. (2023). The influence of self-efficacy on entrepreneurial resilience and intention: Insights from recent ventures. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 29(4), 620-638.
  77. Stenholm, P., Zaki, N., & Andersson, F. O. (2021). Mentorship and its impact on entrepreneurial self-efficacy. Journal of Small Business Management, 59(3), 563-580.
  78. Teddlie, C., & Yu, F. (2021). Mixed Methods Sampling: A Typology With Examples. Journal of Mixed Methods Research, 15(1),
  79. Tiwari, P., Bhat, A. K., & Tikoria, J. (2020). Sustainable entrepreneurship: An empirical investigation of entrepreneurial intentions among university students. Journal of Cleaner Production, 256, 120320.
  80. Torugsa, N. A., & Arundel, A., (2020). The role of knowledge acquisition and entrepreneurial orientation in developing sustainable innovation performance, Business Strategy and the Environment, 29(3), 1422-1435.
  81. Urban, B., & Ratsimanetrimanana, F. (2020). Investigating entrepreneurial intentions and behaviors of rural entrepreneurs in South Africa. Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship, 25(2), 2050020.
  82. Urban, B., & Ratsimanetrimanana, L. (2020). The influence of social norms on sustainable entrepreneurial intentions. Journal of Business Research, 115, 242-252.
  83. Van der Cruijsen, R., Blankenstein, N. E., Spaans, J. P., Peters, S., & Crone, E. A. (2023). Longitudinal self-concept development in adolescence. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, 18(1), nsac062.
  84. Youssef, A. B., Boubaker, S., & Omri, A. (2021). Green entrepreneurship and sustainable development: The case of the African region. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 162, 120381.
  85. Zampetakis, L. A., & Kafetsios, K. (2020). Entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial decision-making: The impact of emotional intelligence. Journal of Small Business Management, 58(5), 883-902.
  86. Zhao, H., Seibert, S. E., & Hills, G. E. (2022). The impact of self-efficacy on entrepreneurial intentions and behavior: A meta-analytic review. Journal of Applied Psychology, 107(5), 823-841.
  87. Zhao, Z., Ren, P., & Yang, Q. (2024). Student self-management, academic achievement: Exploring the mediating role of self-efficacy and the moderating influence of gender insights from a survey conducted in 3 universities in America. arXiv preprint arXiv:2404.11029.
  88. Zimmerman, B. J. (2021). Self-efficacy and motivation in entrepreneurial research. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 45(6), 1104–1121.