HomePsychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journalvol. 42 no. 1 (2025)

4ps Marketing Mix as a Driver of Customer-Perceived Profitability in a Cebu-Based Private Business

Junrick Orbiso | Angel Maica Codioran | Abbey Auman | Mark Anthony N Polinar | Joanna Marie Ato | Jeralyn Bellita

Discipline: business studies

 

Abstract:

The marketing mix strategy, commonly referred to as the 4 Ps (product, price, place, and promotion), has been widely employed. The four marketing mix components identify consumer needs and desires, creating solutions that address those requirements. This research examined the significance of various aspects of the 4 Ps of the marketing mix on the perceived profitability of a private company in Cebu City. Utilizing Cochran's formula, the study gathered responses from 387 randomly chosen respondents, representing senior high school students at Mabolo National High School. The researchers developed a self-made questionnaire to collect data, which was validated to assess its internal consistency, yielding a Cronbach's alpha of 0.82. The study employed a weighted mean and Relative Importance Index (RII) for data analysis. According to the findings, product mix was the top factor in driving the company’s perceived profitability, with the highest RII score of 0.826. Consequently, the researchers concluded that respondents place high importance on product quality and that the company consistently delivers goods that align with their standards, likely enhancing its perceived profitability. Furthermore, the researchers developed a contextualized marketing scheme specifically tailored for the companies within that area, aiming to improve customers' perception of overall profitability



References:

  1. Afandi, B., & Parhusip, A. A. (2023). THE EFFECT OF THE 4P MARKETING MIX ON SATISFACTION OF J&T EXPRESS SAENTIS SERVICE USERS, MEDAN BRANCH. Jurnal Multidisiplin Sahombu, 3(1), 35-45. https://doi.org/10.58471/jms.v3i01.1662
  2. Amiruddin, Y. P., & Modding, B. (2021). Determination of Distribution Channel Marketing and Service Innovation Quality in Increasing Consumer Satisfaction. Golden Ratio of Mapping Idea and Literature Format, 1(2), 169–180. https://doi.org/10.52970/grmilf.v1i2.131
  3. Asdi, A., & Putra, A. H. P. K. (2020). The Effect of Marketing Mix (4P) on Buying Decision: Empirical Study on Brand of Samsung Smartphone Product. Point of View Research Management, 1(4), 121-130. http://journal.accountingpointofview.id/index.php/POVREMA/article/view/93
  4. Bernritter, S., Ketelaar, P., & Sotgiu, F. (2021). Behaviorally targeted location-based mobile marketing. Journal Of the Academy of Marketing Science, 49,         677-702. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-021-00784-0
  5. Bondarenko, V., & Vyshnivska, B. (2023). Promotional marketing as a method of increasing sales. Three Seas Economic Journal, 4(2), 21-28. https://doi.org/10.30525/2661-5150/2023-2-3
  6. De Toni, D., Reche, R. A., & Milan, G. S. (2022). Effects of market orientation, innovation strategies, and value-based pricing on market performance. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 71(8), 3556–3580. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJPPM-08-2020-0414
  7. Donndelinger, J., & Ferguson, S. (2017). Design for Marketing Mix: The Past, Present, and Future of Market-Driven Product Design. Proceedings of the ASME 2017 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. https://doi.org/10.1115/DETC2017-68275
  8. Fadila, S., & Layaman, L. (2023). The Effect of Marketing Mix on Consumer Loyalty at Alfamart Lengkong. Cirebon International Journal of Economics and Business, 1(1). https://doi.org/10.24235/cijeb.v1i1.5
  9. Fatimah, F., & Martaleni, M. (2023). Marketing Mix Strategies to Determine Purchasing Decisions for Fashion Products. Journal of Management Research and Studies, 1(1). https://doi.org/10.61665/jmrs.v1i1.25
  10. Fratu, D. (2020). THE MARKETING MIX - A BASIC TOOL IN THE MANAGEMENT OF THE TOURIST DESTINATION. In Fourth International Scientific Conference on Recent Advances in Information Technology, Tourism, Economics, Management and Agriculture, 55. https://doi.org/10.31410/ITEMA.2020
  11. Ganesh, A. (2019). Influence of Four Ps of Marketing in Buying Behavior.        Academic Discourse, 8(2), 34–43. https://www.indianjournals.com/ijor.aspx?target=ijor:adi&volume=8&issue=2&article=006
  12. Ganesha, H. R., Aithal, P. S., & Kirubadevi, P. (2020). Integrated Marketing Mix Framework for Baby Care Retailing in India. International Journal of Applied Engineering and Management Letters (IJAEML), 4(1), 191–218. http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3890290
  13. Gryshchenko, I. M., & Shkoda, D. M. (2023). INSIGHTS INTO DIGITAL MARKETING MANAGEMENT
  14. FRAMEWORK IN MODERN ORGANIZATIONS. Journal of Strategic Economic Research, (4), 79-86. https://doi.org/10.30857/2786-5398.2022.4.8
  15. Guedes, M. J., Crespo, N. F., & Patel, P. C. (2023). When in Rome, do as the Romans do: Can international marketing. Does adaptation improve the association between servitization and profitability? Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing, 38(10), 2197-2219. https://doi.org/10.1108/jbim-03-2022-0145
  16. Islaini, M., & Nayan, S. (2020). The Role of Price in the Marketing Mix. Journal of Undergraduate Social Science and Technology, 2(2), 1–3. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780080511108-20
  17. Jamaluddin, N. F. B.,  &  Esa,  S. A.  (2020).  Effect of Price on Sales. Journal of Undergraduate Social Science and Technology, 2(2). https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.3748943
  18. Jiang, Y., Abdullah, S. I. N. W., Lim, B. J. H., Wang, R., & Phuah, K. T. (2023). The role of marketing stimuli and attitude in determining post-COVID buying decisions toward organic food products: evidence from retail consumers in Beijing, China. Front. Sustain. Food Syst., 7. https://doi.org/10.3389/fsufs.2023.1051696
  19. Jovanović, S. V., & Dašić, G. (2021). The Concept of Digital Marketing Mix: Implications for Consumer Behavior. LIMEN – International Scientific Business Conference – Leadership, Innovation, Management and Economics: Integrated Politics of Research. https://doi.org/10.31410/limen.2021.243
  20. Karim, R., Latip, N. A., Marzuki, A., Haider, S., Nelofar, M., & Muhammad, F. (2021).  The Impact of 4Ps Marketing Mix in Tourism Development in the Mountain Areas: A Case Study. International Journal of Economics and Business Administration, 9(2), 231-245. https://doi.org/10.35808/IJEBA/700
  21. Karpyn, A., McCallops, K., Wolgast, H., & Glanz, K. (2020).  Improving Consumption and Purchases of Healthier Foods in Retail Environments: A Systematic Review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(20), 7524. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17207524
  22. Khayru, R. K., & Issalillah, F. (2021).  Study on Consumer Behavior and Purchase of Herbal Medicine Based on The Marketing Mix. Journal of Marketing and Business Research (MARK), 1(1), 1-14. https://ejournal.metromedia.education/index.php/mark/article/view/33
  23. Kiyak, D., & Grigoliene, R. (2023).  Analysis of the Conceptual Frameworks of Green Marketing. Sustainability, 15(21), 15630. https://doi.org/10.3390/su152115630
  24. Korkmazyürek, Y. (2020).  Organik Tarım Ürünlerinde Pazarlama Karması (4P) ve Bu Bağlamda Önemli Kavramlar. Girişimcilik İnovasyon Ve Pazarlama Araştırmaları Dergisi, 4(7), 60-86. https://doi.org/10.31006/gipad.657027
  25. Kovtunenko, K., Fomina, N., & Tverdokhlibova, A. (2022).  Product promotion is the fourth element of the Marketing complex. Economics. Finances. Law, 9(2), 4.  https://doi.org/10.37634/efp.2022.9(2).4
  26. Kripesh, A. S., Prabhu, H. M., & Sriram, K. V. (2020). An empirical study on the effect of product information and perceived usefulness on purchase intention during online shopping in India. International Journal of Business Innovation and Research, 21(4). https://doi.org/10.1504/IJBIR.2020.105982
  27. Kumar, B., Sharma, A., Vatavwala, S., & Kumar, P. (2020). Digital mediation in business-to-business Marketing: A bibliometric analysis. Industrial Marketing Management, 85, 126-140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2019.10.002
  28. Kumar, V., Cudney, E. A., Mittal, A., Jha, A., Yadav, N., & Owad, A. A. (2024). Mapping quality performance through lean six sigma and new product development attributes. The TQM Journal, 36(7), 2107–2131. https://doi.org/10.1108/TQM-11-2022-0324
  29. Lahtinen, V., Dietrich, T., & Rundle-Thiele, S. (2020). Long live the marketing mix. Testing the effectiveness of the commercial marketing mix in a social marketing context. Journal of Social Marketing, 10(3), 357-375. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSOCM-10-2018-0122
  30. Lee, J., & Chen-Yu, J. H. (2018). Effects of price discount on consumers’ perceptions of savings, quality, and value for apparel products: mediating effect of price discount affect. Fashion and Textiles, 5(13), 1-21. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40691- 018-0128-2
  31. Li, R., & Teng, J. T. (2018). Pricing and lot-sizing decisions for perishable goods when demand depends on selling price, reference price, product freshness, and displayed stocks. Eur. J. Oper. Res., 27(3), 1099-1108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2018.04.029
  32. Limna, P., Kraiwanit, T., Jangjarat, K., & Maskran, P. (2023). The Antecedent Attributes of Customer Satisfaction and Loyalty in the Coffee Shop Business Domain. Journal of Production, Operations Management and Economics, 3(4), 15-25. https://doi.org/10.55529/jpome.34.15.25
  33. Madhavedi, D. S., Sudhaker, P., Prathima, C., & Chakradhar, G. (2024). A STUDY ON MARKETING MIX ELEMENTS (PRODUCT, PRICE, PLACE, PROMOTION) AND THEIR INTERPLAY IN DRIVING CUSTOMER ACQUISITION AND RETENTION. Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education (TURCOMAT), 11(3), 2649-2655. https://doi.org/10.61841/turcomat.v11i3.14490
  34. Mahohoma, N., & Agbenyegah, A. T. (2024). A critical analysis of the marketing mix elements of small businesses in the retail sector in Durban Central Business District. International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science (2147- 4478), 13(6), 38-51. https://doi.org/10.20525/ijrbs.v13i6.3537
  35. Malau, H. (2020). THE 4P’S MARKETING MIX VARIABLES: AN ASSESSMENT OF CONCEPT, APPLICABILITY AND IMPACT ON ORGANIZATIONAL GOAL FROM WEST JAVA’S BUSINESS ORGANIZATIONS. Jurnal Terapan Ilmu Manajemen dan Bisnis, 3(1), 57-74. https://jurnal.unai.edu/index.php/jtimb/article/view/2305
  36. Mistry, S., Ngonzi, T., Batonda, G., & Faculty of Business and Economics, St. Augustin University of Tanzania. (2023). THE INFLUENCE OF MARKETING MIX STRATEGY ON SALES PERFORMANCE OF SMALL-SCALE MILK PRODUCERS IN MWANZA CITY, TANZANIA. Global Scientific and Academic Research Journal of Economics, Business and Management, 2(11), 131–143. https://gsarpublishers.com/wpcontent/uploads/2023/11/GSARJEBM2202023-FT-Gelary-script.pdf
  37. Moorman, C., & Rust, R. T. (1999). The Role of Marketing. Journal of Marketing, 63, 180–197. https://doi.org/10.1177/00222429990634s117
  38. Moqiseh, M., Kazerani, M., & Shekofteh, M. (2020). Identifying and Analysis of           Marketing Mix in Medical Libraries. Journal of Medical Library and Information Science, 1, 1-7. https://doi.org/10.22037/JMLIS.V1I1.31747
  39. Niazi, N., Rashid, M., & Shamugia, Z. (2021). Role of marketing mix (4Ps) in building brand equity: Case study of Shell Petrol, UK. International Journal of Applied Business and Management Studies, 6(1), 2021. https://l1nq.com/MBE52
  40. Nuseir, M. T., & Madanat, H. (2015). 4Ps: A strategy to secure customers’ loyalty via customer satisfaction. International Journal of Marketing Studies, 7(4), 78. https://doi.org/10.5539/ijms.v7n4p78
  41. Olexova, V., & Chlebíková, D. (2021). Tools of product policy as part of business marketing in the conditions of Globalization. SHS Web of Conferences, (Vol. 92, p. 02048). EDP Sciences.. https://doi.org/10.1051/SHSCONF/20219202048
  42. Panchenko, V., Levkiv, H., Kosovych, B., Butkevych, O., & Nianko, V. (2023). INFLUENCE OF MARKETING STRATEGY ON IMPROVING THE FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES. Financial and credit activity problems of theory and practice, 6(53), 460-470. https://doi.org/10.55643/fcaptp.6.53.2023.4230
  43. Prasad, K., & Purohit, H. (2023). The Impact of the Marketing Mix on the Healthcare for Boosting Sales. International Journal of Advanced Research in Science, Communication and Technology (IJARSCT), 3(7), 55. https://doi.org/10.48175/ijarsct-9471
  44. Prohl-Schwenke, K., & Kleinaltenkamp, M. (2021). How business customers judge customer success management. Industrial Marketing Management, 96, 197-212. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.INDMARMAN.2021.05.004
  45. Rahmi, A., Broto, B. E., & Hanum, F. (2022). The Influence of Price and Product Quality on Consumer Satisfaction at Rantauprapat Homesmart. Quantitative Economics and Management Studies, 3(5), 674–679. https://doi.org/10.35877/454ri.qems1043
  46. Rasida, S. N., & Anisah, H. U. (2023). The Influence of Promotion and Product Quality on Competitive Advantage: Study on CV. Putri Bungsu. Open Access Indonesia Journal of Social Sciences, 7(1), 1366-1374. https://doi.org/10.37275/oaijss.v7i1.215
  47. Reihani, E., & Khatibzadeh, M. (2021). Marketing Mix in a Sport Tourism Context. Journal of New Studies in Sport Management, 2(3), 247-255. https://doi.org/10.22103/JNSSM.2021.17647.1027
  48. Ritter, T., & Pedersen, C. L. (2020). Analyzing the impact of the coronavirus crisis on business models. Industrial Marketing  Management, 88, 214-224. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2020.05.014
  49. Sari, H. M. K., & Randusiwi, R. (2024). Decoding Marketing Mix Effects: Insights from Indonesia. Journal of Business and Halal Industry, 1(4), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.47134/jbhi.v1i4.260
  50. Smith, V. (2016). Developing and maintaining your brand by mastering the four Ps of marketing. Journal of   Aesthetic   Nursing, 5(2),  100–101. https://doi.org/10.12968/JOAN.2016.5.2.100
  51. Singh, M. (2012). Marketing Mix of 4P’S for Competitive Advantage. IOSR Journal     of Business and Management, 3, 40–45. https://doi.org/10.9790/487X-0364045 .
  52. Thabit, T. H., & Raewf, M. B. (2018). The Evaluation of Marketing Mix Elements: A Case Study. International Journal of Social Sciences & Educational Studies, 4(4), 100–109. https://doi.org/10.23918/ijsses.v4i4p100
  53. Ulandari, O. (2023). Efektivitas marketing mix 4P terhadap penjualan BUMDes “Sumber Rejeki” Desa Samir Kecamatan Ngunut Kabupaten Tulungagung. Entrepreneurship Bisnis Manajemen Akuntansi (E-BISMA), 4(1), 183-195. https://doi.org/10.37631/ebisma.v4i1.931
  54. Wang, H. (2022). Understanding the Marketing Strategies: 4 Ps Marketing Mix or       Other Strategies used by Tencent Games in the Video Game Market. Proceedings of the 2022 7th International Conference on Financial Innovation and Economic Development (ICFIED 2022). https://doi.org/10.2991/aebmr.k.220307.016
  55. Wijekoon, S., O’Cass, A., & Vesal, M. (2024). The impact of entrepreneurial marketing on new venture brand image and performance: a capability perspective. European Journal of Marketing, 58(6), 1463-1492. https://doi.org/10.1108/ejm-07-2022-0568
  56. Xia, Y. (2023). The 4Ps of Marketing and Applications in Various Brands. Journal of Education, Humanities and Social Sciences, 16, 165–170. https://doi.org/10.54097/ehss.v16i.9601
  57. Yahya, M. A. (2024). Effects of 4Ps Marketing Mix Strategies on Profitability Enhancement of Petroleum Companies in Afghanistan – A Case Study. Istanbul Management Journal, 96, 32–58. https://doi.org/10.26650/imj.2024.96.1372899
  58. Yusi, M. S., & Idris, U. (2018). Marketing Environment and Marketing Mix: The Basic Factors in Increasing Sales Performance (Survey on Agribusiness Small and Medium Enterprises). Journal of Economics and Business, 1, 19–33. https://doi.org/10.31014/aior.1992.01.01.3
  59. Zhao, H., Yao, X., Liu, Z., & Yang, Q. (2021). Impact of Pricing and Product Information on Consumer Buying Behavior With Customer Satisfaction in a Mediating Role. Frontiers in Psychology, 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.720151