Home⇛DAVAO RESEARCH JOURNAL⇛vol. 16 no. 2 (2025)

Variations in Physicochemical Parameters of Water and Abundance of Vibrios Associated with Giant Freshwater Prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) in Selected Reservoirs of Sri Lanka

E. G. K. Y. C. Bandara | K.H.M. Ashoka Deepananda | U.A.D. Jayasinghe | H. A. D. Ruwandeepika

Discipline: agricultural sciences

 

Abstract:

Exhaustive scrutiny of Vibrios, one of the dominant autochthonous microbes in the Giant Freshwater Prawn, (Macrobrachium rosenbergii), can profoundly influence the production of GFP. This study aimed to enumerate Vibrio populations isolated from GFP and examine their relationship with the physicochemical properties of seven reservoirs in Sri Lanka. GFP samples were collected, homogenized, and plated using the spread plate technique on Thiosulfate Citrate Bile Salt (TCBS) agar to isolate Vibrio spp. In-situ measurements of water parameters temperature, pH, conductivity, dissolved oxygen (DO), and Secchi disk depth were taken from each reservoir. Chlorophyll-a and organic matter contents were analyzed in the laboratory. Kruskal-Wallis pairwise comparisons were made to identify significant variations in Vibrio abundance and water quality parameters across reservoirs. Regression analyses assessed the relationships between Vibrio abundance and environmental factors. Results showed significant differences in Vibrio abundance among reservoirs. The highest mean Vibrio count was observed in GFP from Muthukandiya Wewa (8.19±0.74 log CFU g-1), significantly exceeding counts from Bandagiriya, Handapanagala, and Urusita reservoirs. Among the water quality variables, only pH in Urusita Wewa showed a significant positive correlation (r = 0.740, p = 0.006) with Vibrio abundance. The study infers that the abundance of Vibrios is high in Muthukandiya Wewa. Furthermore, the abundance of Vibrios in Urusita Wewa is regulated by reservoir pH. An assiduous and perpetual analysis of Vibrio abundance and factors of lasting repercussions on its abundance helps facilitate mitigation measures to control Vibrios.



References:

  1. Ahmmed, F., Ahmmed, M. K., Khushi, S. S., Sumon, M. S., Karamcheti, S. S., and Sarower, M. G. (2020). Host gut-derived probiotic Lactobacillus sp. improves resistance of giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii against Vibrio harveyi. Aquaculture International, 28, 1709–1724. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10499-020-00546-9
  2. Ajadi, A., Sabri, M. Y., Atata, J. A., Daodu, O. B., and Emikpe, B. O. (2019). Pathology and immunohistochemical evaluation of Vibrio alginolyticus infection in Macrobrachium rosenbergii. Comparative Clinical Pathology, 28, 359–368. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00580-018-2844-y
  3. Alsina, M., and Blanch, A. R. (1994). A set of keys for biochemical identification of environmental Vibrio species. Journal of Applied Bacteriology, 76(1), 79–85. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2672.1994.tb04419.x Vibrio species. Journal of applied bacteriology,76(1), pp.79-85
  4. Armada, S. P., Farto, R., Pérez, M. J., and Nieto, T. P. (2003). Effect of temperature, salinity and nutrient content on the survival responses of Vibrio splendidus biotype I. Microbiology, 149(2), 369–375. https://doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.25884-0
  5. Boyd, C. (1995). Bottom soils, sediment, and pond aquaculture. Boston, MA: Springer US. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1781-8
  6. Brezonik, P. L., Bouchard Jr, R. W., Finlay, J. C., Griffin, C. G., Olmanson, L. G., Anderson, J. P., Arnold, W. A., and Hozalski, R. (2019). Color, chlorophyll a, and suspended solids effects on Secchi depth in lakes: Implications for trophic state assessment. Ecological Applications, 29(3), e01871. https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.1871
  7. Brumfield, K. D., Chen, A. J., Gangwar, M., Usmani, M., Hasan, N. A., Jutla, A. S., Huq, A., and Colwell, R. R. (2023). Environmental factors influencing occurrence of Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio vulnificus. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 89(6), e00307-23. https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.00307-23
  8. Carlson, R. E., and Simpson, J. (1996). A coordinator’s guide to volunteer lake monitoring methods. North American Lake Management Society.
  9. Carneiro, F. M., Nabout, J. C., Vieira, L. C., Roland, F., and Bini, L. M. (2014). Determinants of chlorophyll-a concentration in tropical reservoirs. Hydrobiologia, 740, 89–99. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-014-1939-4
  10. Chen, X., Zhao, H., Jiang, G., Tang, J., Xu, Q., Huang, L., Chen, S., Zou, S., Dong, K., and Li, N. (2020). Responses of free-living Vibrio community to seasonal environmental variation in a subtropical inland bay. Frontiers in Microbiology, 11, 610974. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.610974
  11. Deepananda, K. H. M. A., and Macusi, E. D. (2012). The changing climate and its implications to capture fisheries: A review. Journal of Nature Studies, 11(1&2), 71–87.
  12. Eiler, A., Gonzalez-Rey, C., Allen, S., and Bertilsson, S. (2007). Growth response of Vibrio cholerae and other Vibrio spp. to cyanobacterial dissolved organic matter and temperature in brackish water. FEMS Microbiology Ecology, 60(3), 411–418. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.2007.00308.x
  13. Farook, M. A., Mohamed, H. M., Tariq, N. P. M. M., Shariq, K. M., and Ahmed, I. A. (2019). Giant freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man 1879): A review. International Journal of Research and Analytical Reviews, 6(1), 571–584.
  14. Gao, X., Miao, Z., Li, X., Chen, N., Gu, W., Liu, X., Yang, H., Wei, W., and Zhang, X. (2019). Pathogenicity of non-O1/O139 Vibrio cholerae and its induced immune response in Macrobrachium rosenbergii. Fish & Shellfish Immunology, 92, 300–307. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2019.06.024
  15. Garrity, G. M., Brenner, D. J., Krieg, N. R., Staley, J. R., and Manual, B. S. (2007). Bergey’s manual of systematic bacteriology: Volume 2: The Proteobacteria, Part B: The Gammaproteobacteria (Vol. 2). Springer US. https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-28022-7
  16. Hooper, C., Debnath, P. P., Stentiford, G. D., Bateman, K. S., Salin, K. R., and Bass, D. (2023). Diseases of the giant river prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii: A review for a growing industry. Reviews in Aquaculture, 15(2), 738–758. https://doi.org/10.1111/raq.12773
  17. Hou, D., Huang, Z., Zeng, S., Liu, J., Wei, D., Deng, X., Weng, S., He, Z., and He, J. (2017). Environmental factors shape water microbial community structure and function in shrimp cultural enclosure ecosystems. Frontiers in Microbiology, 8, 2359. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2017.02359
  18. Jayaprakash, N. S., Pai, S. S., Philip, R., and Singh, I. S. B. (2006a). Isolation of a pathogenic strain of Vibrio alginolyticus from necrotic larvae of Macrobrachium rosenbergii (de Man). Journal of Fish Diseases, 29(3), 187–191. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2761.2006.00707.x
  19. Jayaprakash, N. S., Rejish Kumar, V. J., Philip, R., and Bright Singh, I. S. (2006b). Vibrios associated with Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man, 1879) larvae from three hatcheries on the Indian southwest coast. Aquaculture Research, 37(4), 351–358. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2109.2006.01435.x
  20. Jayasinghe, L. N. L. P., Pathiranage, S. U., Bandara, E. G. K. Y. C., Pramodhi, H. H. S., Hasintha, K. V. D. M., Nadishani, H. C., Madushanka, D. N. N., Deepananda, K. H. M. A., and Ruwandeepika, H. A. D. (2022). Isolation and identification of Vibrio species from Macrobrachium rosenbergii cultured in selected five reservoirs in Uva and Southern provinces in Sri Lanka. Proceedings of the 4th International Conference of Agricultural Sciences, Sabaragamuwa University of Sri Lanka.
  21. Johnson, C. N. (2014). Influence of environmental factors on Vibrio spp. in coastal ecosystems. Microbiology Spectrum, 3(3), 10–1128. https://doi.org/10.1128/microbiolspec.VE-0008-2014
  22. Jones, C., Sena, S., De Silva, U., Amarasinghe, U. S., Jayasinghe, U. A. D., Deepananda, K. H. M. A., Yomal, G. A. T. K., and Digamadulla, S. (2021). Assessing production of giant freshwater prawns in reservoirs in Sri Lanka. Canberra: Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research.
  23. Kallastu, A., Malv, E., Aro, V., Meikas, A., Vendelin, M., Kattel, A., Nahku, R., and Kazantseva, J. (2023). Absolute quantification of viable bacteria abundances in food    by    next-generation sequencing:  quantitative NGS of viable microbes.  Current Research in Food Science, 6, 100443.
  24. Khuntia, C. P., Das, B. K., Samantaray, B. R., Samal, S. K., and Mishra, B. K. (2008). Characterization and pathogenicity studies of Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated from diseased freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii (de Man). Aquaculture Research, 39(3), 301–310. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2109.2007.01892.x
  25. Krishnika, A., and Ramasamy, P. (2013). Antimicrobial resistance profile of Vibrio species isolated from the hatchery system of Macrobrachium rosenbergii (Deman). Indian Journal of Fisheries, 60(4), 147–152.
  26. Li, X., Zhou, Y., Jiang, Q., Yang, H., Pi, D., Liu, X., Gao, X., Chen, N., and Zhang, X. (2019). Virulence properties of Vibrio vulnificus isolated from diseased zoea of freshwater shrimp Macrobrachium rosenbergii. Microbial Pathogenesis, 127, 166–171. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micpath.2018.11.030
  27. Li, Y., Yuan, W., Xu, Q., Liu, H., and Dai, X. (2020). The regulation of immune responses against white spot syndrome virus or Vibrio alginolyticus in toll-like receptors silenced giant freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii). Fish & Shellfish Immunology, 107, 84–94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2020.09.009
  28. Liu, Z., Zhou, Y., Wang, H., Liu, C., and Wang, L. (2024). Recent advances in understanding the fitness and survival mechanisms of Vibrio parahaemolyticus. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 110691. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2024.110691
  29. Noguerola, I., and Blanch, A. R. (2008). Identification of Vibrio spp. with a set of dichotomous keys. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 105(1), 175–185. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2672.2008.03757.x
  30. Oanh, D. T. H., Hoa, T. T. T., and Phuong, N. T. (2008). Characterization and pathogenicity studies on Vibrio bacteria isolated from freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) hatcheries. [Online].
  31. Pallavi, P., Parthasarathy, D., Narayanan, K., Inamdar, A. B., and Budakoti, S. (2024). Examining the principal factors that limit chlorophyll-a concentration across coastal waters of northern Maharashtra state using a robust generalised additive model. Regional Studies in Marine Science, 77, 103693. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rsma.2023.103693
  32. Pattano, J., and Mittraparp-arthorn, P. (2025). Impact of simulated pH conditions on phenotypic expression in shrimp pathogenic and non-pathogenic Vibrio campbellii strains. Trends in Sciences, 22(4), 9403–9403. https://doi.org/10.31586/tis.22.4.9403
  33. Percival, S. L., and Williams, D. W. (2014). Vibrio. In S. L. Percival, D. W. Williams, N. F. Gray, M. V. Yates, and R. M. Chalmers (Eds.), Microbiology of waterborne diseases (pp. 237–248). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-415846-7.00013-6
  34. Randa, M. A., Polz, M. F., and Lim, E. (2004). Effects of temperature and salinity on Vibrio vulnificus population dynamics as assessed by quantitative PCR. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 70(9), 5469–5476. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.70.9.5469-5476.2004
  35. Rao, R., Zhu, Y. B., Alinejad, T., Tiruvayipati, S., Thong, K. L., Wang, J., and Bhassu, S. (2015). RNA-seq analysis of Macrobrachium rosenbergii hepatopancreas in response to Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection. Gut Pathogens, 7, 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13099-015-0051-4
  36. Sampaio, A., Silva, V., Poeta, P., and Aonofriesei, F. (2022). Vibrio spp.: Life strategies, ecology, and risks in a changing environment. Diversity, 14(2), 97. https://doi.org/10.3390/d14020097
  37. Sanuja, R. G., Jayasinghe, U. A. D., Lakshman, P. L. N., and Deepananda, K. H. M. A. (2024). Trophic state of the reservoir influences the allometric coefficient and condition factor of giant freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) cultured in perennial reservoirs of Sri Lanka. Davao Research Journal, 15(1), 68–81.
  38. Shamsudduha, M., Lee, J., Joseph, G., Bahuguna, A., Wijesundera, S., Nair, S. S., Hoo, Y. R., Wang, Q., and Ayling, S. C. (2025). Assessing the water quality hazard and challenges to achieving the freshwater goal in Sri Lanka. Scientific Reports, 15(1), 10187. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-10187-2
  39. Somasundaram, D., Zhang, F., Ediriweera, S., Wang, S., Li, J., and Zhang, B. (2020). Spatial and temporal changes in surface water area of Sri Lanka over a 30-year period. Remote Sensing, 12(22), 3701. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12223701
  40. Sudharma, Y., Buddhika, P., and Namal, A. (2013). Seasonal water quality changes in reservoirs in different climatic regions of Sri Lanka. Journal of Ecotechnology Research, 17(1), 17–22.
  41. Sumon, M. S., Ahmmed, F., Khushi, S. S., Ahmmed, M. K., Rouf, M. A., Chisty, M. A. H., and Sarower, M. G. (2018). Growth performance, digestive enzyme activity and immune response of Macrobrachium rosenbergii fed with probiotic Clostridium butyricum incorporated diets. Journal of King Saud University–Science, 30(1), 21–28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jksus.2016.12.001
  42. Thompson, F. L., Austin, B., and Swings, J. G. (2006). The biology of vibrios. ASM Press. https://doi.org/10.1128/9781555815714
  43. Tiruvayipati, S., and Bhassu, S. (2016). Host, pathogen and the environment: The case of Macrobrachium rosenbergii, Vibrio parahaemolyticus and magnesium. Gut Pathogens, 8, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13099-016-0091-5
  44. Velez, K. C., Leighton, R. E., Decho, A. W., Pinckney, J. L., and Norman, R. S. (2023). Modeling pH and temperature effects as climatic hazards in Vibrio vulnificus and Vibrio parahaemolyticus planktonic growth and biofilm formation. GeoHealth, 7(4), e2022GH000769. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022GH000769
  45. Wang, Y., and Gu, J. (2005). Influence of temperature, salinity and pH on the growth of environmental Aeromonas and Vibrio species isolated from Mai Po and the Inner Deep Bay Nature Reserve Ramsar Site of Hong Kong. Journal of Basic Microbiology, 45(1), 83–93. https://doi.org/10.1002/jobm.200410385
  46. Wong, Y. Y., Lee, C. W., Bong, C. W., Lim, J. H., Ng, C. C., Narayanan, K., Sim, E. U. H., and Wang, A. J. (2024). Environmental factors that regulate Vibrio spp. abundance and community structure in tropical waters. Anthropocene Coasts, 7(1), 21. https://doi.org/10.1139/anc-2023-0021.

Tools


Copyright © 2025  KITE Digital Educational Solutions |  Exclusively distributed by CE-Logic