The Dual Journey: A Qualitative Analysis of the Lived Experiences of Single Fathers in Cuyapo, Nueva Ecija
Dane Jane G. Casco | Crismar M. Escobido | Oliva B. Parico
Discipline: Sociology
Abstract:
Research has been published around the globe on how challenging it is to be a single parent. However, most of the research available is focused on single mothers, leaving a gap in studies about single fathers. This study aimed to explore and understand the lives of single fathers, the challenges they face, and the coping mechanisms they employ. A qualitative research design was used with the aid of Social Role Theory as its framework. In-depth interviews guided by a semi-structured questionnaire were used to gather data involving eight single fathers residing in Cuyapo, Nueva Ecija. Thematic analysis was used to analyze and interpret the data. Results showed that single fathers experience a variety of challenges from the burden of working alone, balancing their roles and obligations, financial difficulties, conflicts with their children, emotional challenges, and future concerns. This study concluded that single fathers acknowledge their responsibility, navigate conflict, and nurture bonds with their children, drawing upon their strengths and support system, resourcefulness, and unwavering commitment to provide a nurturing and supportive environment for their families. Single fathers utilized various support systems to navigate the challenges of parenting alone and address their needs effectively. Parenting classes, support groups, and counseling services are essential to strengthen solo parenthood. The researchers suggest that further research on additional factors influencing life quality and comparing single mothers and fathers can be conducted in the future.
References:
- American Psychological Association. (2019, October 31). Single parenting and today's family: Life in a single-parent household—though common—can be quite stressful for the adult and the children. American Psychological Association. https://www.apa.org/topics/single-parent
- Baron, R. A., & Byrne, D. E. (1991). Social psychology: Understanding human interaction (6th ed.). Allyn & Bacon.
- Baršić, M., & Jevtic, A. (2019). Social opinion on single-father families and their influence on child education. Proceedings of ICERI 2019. https://doi.org/10.21125/iceri.2019.0196
- Brown, M. (2019, November 25). Single moms vs. single dads: Examining the double standards of single parenthood.
- Capacio, L. J. A., Mier, K. J. B., Superales, J. R. A., Falcon, E. B., Miñoza, J., Dayundunan, I. M., Siacor, J., & Omandam, M. J. (2024). Understanding the silent struggles: The lived experiences of single fathers. Edukasiana: Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan, 3(4), 465–478. https://doi.org/10.56916/ejip.v3i4.905
- Caulfield, J. (2023, June 22). How to do thematic analysis | Step‑by‑step guide & examples. Scribbr. https://www.scribbr.com/methodology/thematic-analysis/
- Cleland, J. A. (2017). The qualitative orientation in medical education research. Korean Journal of Medical Education, 29(2), 61–71. https://doi.org/10.3946/kjme.2017.53
- Coles, R. L. (2009). Just doing what they gotta do: Single Black custodial fathers coping with the stresses and reaping the rewards of parenting. Journal of Family Issues, 30(10), 1311–1338.
- Connor, S., Edvardsson, K., Fisher, C., & Spelten, E. (2021). Perceptions and interpretation of contemporary masculinities in western culture: A systematic review. Men and Masculinities, 24(6), 1557–1577. https://doi.org/10.1177/15579883211061009
- D'Aquino, S., & Callinan, S. (2023). Drinking to cope as a mediator of the relationship between stress and alcohol outcomes. Drugs: Education, Prevention and Policy, 31(5), 516–523. https://doi.org/10.1080/09687637.2023.2236291
- Dela Cruz, H. F., Domingo, P., Lim, M. E., & Del Rosario, A. (2024). Resilient bonds: Social capital, coping strategies and challenges of Filipino single mothers in Umingan, Pangasinan. Linker: Journal of Education, Social Sciences and Allied Health, 1(2), 1–12. Retrieved from https://www.isujournals.ph/index.php/jessah/article/view/121
- De Castro, M. A. (2023, May 7). ‘NayTay’. PhilStar Global. https://www.philstar.com/business/2023/03/07/2249742/naytay
- Deivita, M. (2023). Family communication between single father and daughter in affection exchange. Jurnal Ilmiah LISKI (Lingkar Studi Komunikasi). https://doi.org/10.25124/liski.v9i2.6435
- Dufur, M. J., Howell, N. C., Downey, D. B., Ainsworth, J. W., & Lapray, A. J. (2010). Sex differences in parenting behaviors in single‑mother and single‑father households. Journal of Marriage and Family, 72(5), 1092–1106.
- Eagly, A. (1987). Sex differences in social behavior: A social role interpretation. Erlbaum.
- Eagly, A. H., Wood, W., & Diekman, A. B. (2000). Social role theory of sex differences and similarities: A current appraisal. In T. Eckes & H. M. Trautner (Eds.), The developmental social psychology of gender (pp. 123–174). Lawrence Erlbaum.
- Easterbrooks, M. A., Chaudhuri, J. H., Bartlett, J. D., & Copeman, A. (2011). Resilience in parenting among young mothers: Family and ecological risks and opportunities. Children and Youth Services Review, 33(1), 42–50.
- Foley, G., & Timonen, V. (2015). Using grounded theory method to capture and analyze health care experiences. Health Services Research, 50(4), 1195–1210.
- Gasse, D. V., & Mortelmans, D. (2020). Single mothers’ perspectives on the combination of motherhood and work. Social Sciences, 9(5). https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci9050085
- Greif, G. L., & DeMaris, A. (1990). Single fathers with custody. Families in Society: The Journal of Contemporary Human Services, 71(5), 259–266.
- Jóhannsdóttir, Á., & Gíslason, I. V. (2018). Young Icelandic men’s perception of masculinities. Journal of Men’s Studies, 26(1), 3–19. https://doi.org/10.1177/1060826517711161
- Kotchick, B. A., Dorsey, S., & Heller, L. (2005). Predictors of parenting among African American single mothers: Personal and contextual factors. Journal of Marriage and Family, 67(2), 448–460.
- Lanza-León, P., & Cantarero-Prieto, D. (2024). The loud silent side of single parenthood in Europe: Health and socio‑economic circumstances from a gender perspective. Journal of Family and Economic Issues. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10834-024-09954-y
- Lee, J. Y., & Lee, S. J. (2018). Caring is masculine: Stay‑at‑home fathers and masculine identity. Psychology of Men & Masculinity, 19(1), 47–58. https://doi.org/10.1037/men0000079
- Lopez, M. R., Santos, P. J., & Gomez, L. S. (2018). Socioeconomic conditions of single‑parent households in Zamboanga City. Philippine Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 26(2), 45–63.
- Mabuza, N., & Thwala, S. K. (2014). Single parenting and its effects on the psychosocial development of children in Swaziland. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 5(23).
- Maldonado, L. C., & Nieuwenhuis, R. (2019). Single parents in context. Sociology
- Malolos, G. Z. C., Barón, M. C. R., Apat, F. A. J., Sagsagat, H. A. A., Pasco, P. B. M., Aportadera, E. T. C., Tan, R. J. D., Gacutno‑Evardone, A. J., & Lucero‑Prisno, D. E. (2021). Mental health and well‑being of children in the Philippine setting during the COVID‑19 pandemic. Health Promotion Perspectives, 11(3), 267–270. https://doi.org/10.34172/hpp.2021.34
- Manalo, M. (2022, December 11). How much does an online consultation cost? Eva Teleconsult. https://evateleconsult.com/blog/how-much-does-an-online consultation-cost/
- Measom, C. (2019, December 12). What are some financial problems single parents face? Pocket Sense.
- Montemayor, A., Agbing, E., & Agbing, R. (2024). Burnout and work‑related stressors in gastroenterology: A protocol for a systematic review and meta‑analysis. BMJ Open, 14(2), e080933.
- Nishioka, D., Saito, J., Ueno, K., & Kondo, N. (2021). Single‑parenthood and health conditions among children receiving public assistance in Japan: A cohort study. BMC Pediatrics, 21, Article 214.
- Olson, M., & Haynes, J. A. (1993). Successful single parents. Families in Society: The Journal of Contemporary Social Services, 74, 259–267.
- Pew Research Center. (2013, July 2). The rise of single fathers. Pew Research Center. Retrieved from https://www.pewresearch.org/social-trends/2013/07/02/the-rise-of-single-fathers/
- Ramos, E. S., & Tus, J. (2020). Beating the odds: An exploratory study on single mothers’ lived experiences in childrearing practices. Asian Journal of Current Research, 5(1), 58–70. https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.13377443.v1
- Respler‑Herman, M., Mowder, B., Yasik, A., & Shamah, R. (2009). Parenting beliefs, parental stress, and social support relationships. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 18(2), 190–198. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-011-9462-3
- Salo, A. E., Junttila, N., & Vauras, M. (2020). Social and emotional loneliness: Longitudinal stability, interdependence, and intergenerational transmission among boys and girls. Family Relations, 69(1), 151–165.
- Saputra, M., & Krisnatuti, D. (2022). Level of stress, self‑adjustment, and quality of life for single father. Journal of Child, Family, and Consumer Studies, 1(3), 166-174. https://doi.org/10.29244/jcfcs.1.3.166-174
- Sawhill, I. V. (2022). Single parents in high‑income countries: What the United States can learn from others. The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 702(1), 226–235. https://doi.org/10.1177/00027162221123446
- Shaukat, A., & Rashid, S. (2022). Personal growth, resilience and burden of care among single parents. FWU Journal of Social Sciences, 16(2), 86–97. https://doi.org/10.51709/19951272/Summer2022/6
- Shaw, M. E., & Costanzo, P. R. (1982). Theories of social psychology (2nd ed.). McGraw‑Hill.
- Sierminska, E. (2018). The ‘wealth‑being’ of single parents. In R. Nieuwenhuis & L. C. Maldonado (Eds.), The triple bind of single‑parent families: Resources, employment, and policies to improve wellbeing (1st ed., pp. 51–80). Bristol University Press.
- Sison, E. A., Doloque, E. M. C., Francisco, C. D. C., Villanueva, G. T., & Tus, J. (2024). Tahanang walang ilaw: A case study exploring the single fathers' lived experiences in child‑rearing practices. Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 22(1), 39–60. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12738863
- Sluss, D. M., van Dick, R., & Thompson, B. S. (2011). Role theory in organizations: A relational perspective. In S. Zedeck (Ed.), APA handbook of industrial and organizational psychology, Vol. 1: Building and developing the organization (pp. 505–534). American Psychological Association.
- Thomas, E. J., & Biddle, B. J. (1979). Role theory: Concepts and research. John Wiley & Sons.
- Williams, L. (2015). Experiences of single fathers whose children have used mental health services [Doctoral dissertation, University of Phoenix]. ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Global.
ISSN 3082-3706 (Online)
ISSN 3082-3692 (Print)