Home⇛Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal⇛vol. 24 no. 10 (2024)

The Implementation of Ministry of Basic, Higher and Technical Education School Programs: Basis for Program Enhancement

Mohaliden Rontayan

Discipline: Education

 

Abstract:

The study determined the implementation of Ministry of Basic Higher and Technical Education (MBHTE) School Programs as basis for enhancement program for school year 2023-2024 using descriptive-evaluative research design that combined survey and interview in data gathering to 378 respondents. The mean and thematic analysis was used in interpretation of data. Results revealed that the extent of integration of the key principles in the implementation of MBHTE school programs in terms of inclusivity, equity, right based, rooted in context, integrated and balanced are all highly integrated. The common themes that emerged during interview shows there are minimal problems encountered by the teachers. These included challenges inadequate resources specially technology equipment and competency in using them and integration of lifelong learning as balanced to academic aspects of learning. The study concludes that the MBHTE are effective in the implementation of the key principles of the ministry. The inclusive and equitable school services helped students to feel safe and motivated to go to school. The strict compliance to rights-based education services further ensured children are safe in the school. The rooted concept of implementing the curriculum as mandated by law and the balanced integration of services made the teaching learning promotive of the welfare of the students. However, challenges such as lack of sufficient materials and equipment for technology integration in instruction as well as need for development of teacher competency can hamper the attainment of the goals of school programs. The needs to s strengthen the lifelong learning integration in the instruction of teachers can prepare the students to be competitive in the future. The study recommended that the MBHTE must provide allocation to upgrade technological equipment of the schools as part of the urgent programs since this is vital in improving the quality of instruction to the students.



References:

  1. Athreya, B. & Mouza, C. (2017). Thinking Skills for the Digital Generation. 10.1007/978-3-319-12364-6.
  2. Attfield, Robin & Attfield, Kate. (2019). Principles of Equality: Managing Equality and Diversity in a Steiner School. 10.5772/intechopen.86748. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/333670081_Principles_of_Equality_Managing_Equality_and_Diversity_in_a_Steiner_School/citation/download
  3. Australian Institute For Teaching and School Leadership Limited (2020, August). The Role of School Leadership in Challenging Times. Retrieved from: https://www.aitsl.edu.au/research/spotlights/the-role-of-school-leadership-in-challenging-times
  4. Banks, J A., Cookson, P W., Hawley, W D., Irvine, J J., Nieto, S., Schofield, J W., & Stephan, W G. (2001, November 1). Diversity within Unity: Essential Principles for Teaching and Learning in a Multicultural Society. https://doi.org/10.1177/003172170108300309
  5. Banks, James. (1996). Multicultural Education and Curriculum Transformation. The Journal of Negro Education. 64. 390. 10.2307/2967262.
  6. Barbara R. Blackburn and Ronald Williamson (2017, September 9) School Change Begins with teacher motivation Retrieved from: https://www.middleweb.com/35804/school-change-begins-with-teacher-motivation/
  7. Bassey, M O. (2016, November 2). Culturally Responsive Teaching: Implications for Educational Justice. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci6040035
  8. Bauer, M.,Kirchner,J (2020, Jan.). Implementation science: What is it and why should I care? Science Direct. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016517811930602X
  9. Begum, A A., Karam, S., & Sultan, S. (2021, July 30). Effects of Peace Education on The Holistic Development of Early Years Learners of Gilgit-Baltistan Pakistan. https://scite.ai/reports/10.53007/sjgc.2021.v6.i2.21
  10. Bongancisco, Ruel & Bonganciso, Ruel. (2016). Effects of Contextualization on the Reading Comprehension Performance of Filipino Learners. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/310671685_Effects_of_Contextualization_on_the_Reading_Comprehension_Performance_of_Filipino_Learners/citation/download
  11. Butukan, H. U., Mohamad, H. A., Bawa, L. S., & Kandong, N. A. (2024). LIVED EXPERIENCES OF TEDURAY ENGLISH LANGUAGE LEARNERS ON MODULAR DISTANCE LEARNING. Ignitian International Journal for Multidisciplinary Research, 2(6), 1041-1068. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11633960
  12. Cha, Yunkyung & Ham, Seung-Hwan & Yang, Kyung-Eun. (2017). Multicultural Education Policy in the Global Institutional Context. 10.1007/978-981-10-2222-7_2.
  13. Comighud, S.M, Arevalo, M.J, She Writes (2020, April) Motivation in Relation to Teachers Performance Retrieved from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/ 352130830_Motivation_In_Relation_To_Teachers'_Performance
  14. Corboz, J., Siddiq, W., Hemat, O., Chirwa, E., & Jewkes, R. (2019, August 6). What works to prevent violence against children in Afghanistan? Findings of an interrupted time series evaluation of a school-based peace education and community social norms change intervention in Afghanistan. https://scite.ai/reports/10.1371/journal.pone.0220614
  15. Cummings, Patricia, (2020) "Surviving in School: A Correlational Study on Teachers' Social Emotional Learning, Self-efficacy, and Response to Students' Challenging Behaviors" (2020). Dissertations, Theses, and Projects. 379. https://red.mnstate.edu/thesis/379
  16. Del Mundo-Sales, R. N., Mohamad, H., Sinsuat, D. R. R., Parcon, M., & Labangan, B. (2022). Transitions in Tumultuous Times: Teachers’ Experiences with Distance Learning Amidst the COVID-19 Pandemic.  Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 4(3), 299-315.
  17. Domitrovich, C E., Bradshaw, C P., Poduska, J M., Hoagwood, K., Buckley, J A., Olin, S S., Romanelli, L H., Leaf, P J., Greenberg, M T., & Ialongo, N S. (2008, January 1). Maximizing the Implementation Quality of Evidence-Based Preventive Interventions in Schools: A Conceptual Framework. https://doi.org/10.1080/1754730x.2008.9715730
  18. Doney, A.  (2023). Technology based-Learning. https:www//researchgate.net
  19. Eduardo, J., et al. (2021). Indigenous Peoples and the Right to Education: The Dumagat Experience in the Provinces of Nueva Ecija and Aurora, in the Philippines. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/21582440211009491
  20. Elford, Gideon. (2015). Social Class, Merit and Equality of Opportunity in Education. Res Publica. 22. 1-18. 10.1007/s11158-015-9280-3. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/285396557_Social_Class_Merit_and_Equality_of_Opportunity_in_Education/citation/download
  21. Francisco, M., Hartman, M., & Wang, Y. (2020). Inclusion and Special Education. Education Sciences, 10(9), 238. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci10090238
  22. Frattura, E., & Capper, C A. (2006, November 1). Segregated Programs Versus Integrated Comprehensive Service Delivery for All Learners. https://doi.org/10.1177/07419325060270060501
  23. Frattura, E., & Capper, C A. (2006, November 1). Segregated Programs Versus Integrated Comprehensive Service Delivery for All Learners. https://doi.org/10.1177/07419325060270060501
  24. Frattura, E., & Capper, C A. (2006, November 1). Segregated Programs Versus Integrated Comprehensive Service Delivery for All Learners. https://doi.org/10.1177/07419325060270060501
  25. Garin, Rodelio & Reyes, Rico & Domantay, Gloria & Rosals, Julie. (2017). Contextualized and Localized Teaching as a Technique in Teaching Basic Statistics. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/350108440_Contextualized_and_Localized_Teaching_as_a_Technique_in_Teaching_Basic_Statistics/citation/download
  26. Guiaselon, B., Luyugen-Omar, S., Mohamad, H., Sinsuat, D.R.R., Samson, C., Maidu, N.,  Maguid, N., (2022). Mismatch of Teachers’ Qualifications and Subjects Taught: Effects on Students’ National Achievement Test. Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 6(7), 573-590.
  27. Ghani, A., & Ilyas, S. (2020, March 30). English Language Learning through Peace Curriculum at Graduate Level An Experimental study. https://scite.ai/reports/10.31703/glr.2020(v-i).09
  28. Griner, Angela & Stewart, Martha. (2013). Addressing the Achievement Gap and Disproportionality Through the Use of Culturally Responsive Teaching Practices. Urban Education. 48. 585-621. 10.1177/0042085912456847.
  29. Halili, C, PhD (2021, March) Education & Social Sciences Journal Volume I, No. 42 Buhay School Heads Ngayong Pandemya: A Qualitative Study on Educational Leadership under the New Normal Education ; Retrieved from: https://gessjournal.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Article-5_Schoolheads.pdf
  30. Harel Ben Shahar, Tammy. (2015). Distributive Justice in Education and Conflicting Interests: Not (Remotely) as Bad as you Think. Journal of Philosophy of Education. 49. 10.1111/1467-9752.12122. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/273518352_Distributive_Justice_in_Education_and_Conflicting_Interests_Not_Remotely_as_Bad_as_you_Think/citation/download
  31. Hasudungan, A N. (2020, October 4). PEACE EDUCATION BASED ON LOCAL WISDOM OF PELA GANDONG IN SOCIAL SCIENCE. https://scite.ai/reports/10.33019/berumpun.v3i2.
  32. Jiying Han & Hongbiao Yin | Mark Boylan (Reviewing Editor) (2016) Teacher motivation: Definition, research development and implications for teachers, Cogent Education, 3:1, DOI: 10.1080/2331186X.2016.1217819 
  33. Kamir, N., Mohamad, H., Sinsuat, D.R.R., (2023). Anxieties of Grade 6 Pupils and Home-Based Teachers in Modular English Instruction. Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 7(10), 853-857.
  34. Khazanie, Omid & Mowlaie, Bahram. (2017). How Do Updated Localized Materials Affect Students' Study Level and Perceptions in a Discipline-specific English Course?. 13-23. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/351436932_How_Do_Updated_Localized_Materials_Affect_Students'_Study_Level_and_Perceptions_in_a_Discipline-specific_English_Course/citation/download
  35. Knox, Jeremy. (2016). Posthumanism and the MOOC: opening the subject of digital education. Studies in Philosophy and Education. 35. 10.1007/s11217-016-9516-5.
  36. Köse, T Ç., & Bayır, Ö G. (2016, September 1). Perception of Peace in Students’ Drawings. https://scite.ai/reports/10.14689/ejer.2016.65.11
  37. Kwatubana, S. , Molaodi, V. (2021) New Challenges to Education: Lessons from Around the World BCES Conference Books, 2021, Volume 19. Sofia: Bulgarian Comparative Education Society Leadership Styles that Would Enable School Leaders to Support the Wellbeing of Teachers during COVID-19. Retrieved from: https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED614047.pdf
  38. Lamas, H. (2015). School Performance. Propósitos y Re- presentaciones, 3(1), 313-386. doi: Retrieved from: http:// dx.doi.org/10.20511/pyr2015.v3n1.74
  39. Leadership Styles Adopted By Headteachers And The Influence On Staff Performance In Primary Schools Of Chimoio Cluster In Mozambique Charnaldo Jaime Ndaipa (2016) Retrieved from: https://www.isres.org/books/chapters/RHES2016-11_10-09-2017.pdf 
  40. Manakan, P., Untong, L., Mohamad, H., Sinsuat, D.R.R., (2023). English Speaking   Skills: The Plight of Maguindanaon Students: A Phenomenology. Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 8(6), 640-647.
  41. Mangelen, B. J., Bawa,. L. S., Untong, L. P., & Mohamad, H. A. (2023). Maguindanaon Love Songs as Tool and Springboard in Teaching Figurative Language for Maguindanaon Culture Preservation. Journal of Natural Language and Linguistics, 1.
  42. Manlapaz, Remelyn & Cabahug, Shielo & Divina, Ma.Isabel & Saro, Jeffry. (2022). Contextualized Based-Learning Materials: An Evaluation to Enhance the Reading Comprehension of the Grade 7 Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic. 6. 1269-1276. 10.5281/zenodo.7444558.
  43. Manning, M. & Baruth, Leroy & Lee, G.. (2017). Multicultural education of children and adolescents, sixth edition. 10.4324/9781315186542.
  44. Markov, B.V. & Volkova, Svetlana. (2020). Philosophy of Education in the Digital Era. Open Journal for Studies in Philosophy. 4. 57-66. 10.32591/coas.ojsp.0402.02057m.
  45. Marujo, H Á., & Casais, M. (2021, August 22). Educating for Public Happiness and Global Peace: Contributions from a Portuguese UNESCO Chair towards the Sustainable Development Goals. https://scite.ai/reports/10.3390/su13169418
  46. May, C., Cummings, A., Finch, T. (2018, June) Using Normalization Process Theory in feasibility studies and process evaluations of complex healthcare interventions: a systematic review Implementation Science. https://implementationscience.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13012-018-0758-1
  47. May,C, Montori,M (2019, May) Development of a theory of implementation and integration: Normalization Process Theory. https://implementationscience.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1748-5908-4-29
  48. McLeskey, J., & Waldron, N L. (2002, September 1). School Change and Inclusive Schools: Lessons Learned from Practice. https://doi.org/10.1177/003172170208400114
  49. McLeskey, J., & Waldron, N L. (2002, September 1). School Change and Inclusive Schools: Lessons Learned from Practice. https://doi.org/10.1177/003172170208400114
  50. Menéndez, Fernando. (2019). Educational adequacy and educational equality: a merging proposal. Critical Review of International Social and Political Philosophy. 25. 1-22. 10.1080/13698230.2019.1700345. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/337743788_Educational_adequacy_and_educational_equality_a_merging_proposal/citation/download
  51. Merry, Michael. (2018). Equality and Educational Justice. 10.1007/978-981-287-532-7_549-1. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/311575514_Equality_and_Educational_Justice/citation/download
  52. Milner, H R. (2010, January 9). Culturally Relevant Pedagogy in a Diverse Urban Classroom. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11256-009-0143-0
  53. Minow, Martha & Shweder, Richard & Markus, Hazel. (2008). Just Schools: Pursuing equality in societies of difference. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/296491009_Just_Schools_Pursuing_equality_in_societies_of_difference/citation/download
  54. Mitchell, B S., Hirn, R G., & Lewis, T J. (2017, March 29). Enhancing Effective Classroom Management in Schools: Structures for Changing Teacher Behavior. https://doi.org/10.1177/0888406417700961
  55. Mohamad, H., & Parcon, M. (2022). Unfolding Stories of English Teachers with Multiple Ancillary Functions in Maguindanao-1 Division: A Phenomenological Study. Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2(6), 496-501.
  56. Mohamad, H., Sinsuat, D. R. R., Maidu, N., Boquia, A., Maguid, N., Omar, S., ..  &   Guiamal, J. (2022). Experiences of Designated Teacher as Guidance and Councilor in Secondary School of Maguindanao I Division. Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 5(6), 1-1.
  57. N.d, What is Implementation Science.University of Washington. https://impsciuw.org/implementation-science/learn/implementation-science-overview/
  58. Nam, G. (2021). Inclusive education for children and young people with disabilities in Uzbekistan: The perspectives and experiences of key players (Thesis, Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)). The University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand. Retrieved from https://hdl.handle.net/10289/14106
  59. Nichols, D (n.d) Educational Philosophy Defined; What are Education Philosophies? Retrieved from: https://courses.lumenlearning.com/atd-hostos-education/chapter/foundations-of-education-and-instructional-assessmenteducational-philosophydefined/
  60. Ofoegbu, F I., & Alonge, H O. (2020, January 1). Peace Education Innovation and Head Teachers’ Administrative Effectiveness in Public Basic Schools in Edo State. https://scite.ai/reports/10.12785/jtte/080102
  61. Omar, R., Mohamad, H., Sinsuat, D. R. R., & Parcon, M. (2022). Oral Reading Intervention Activities: Its Influence on the Pronunciation Skill of Bangsamoro Grade 3 English Language Learners in Reading Aloud. Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 3(6), 1-1.
  62. Peters, Michael & Jandric, Petar. (2015). Philosophy of education in the age of digital reason. 2015. 162-181.
  63. Piazza, S V., Rao, S., & Protacio, M S. (2015, November 1). Converging Recommendations for Culturally Responsive Literacy Practices: Students with Learning Disabilities, English Language Learners, and Socioculturally Diverse Learners. https://doi.org/10.18251/ijme.v17i3.1023
  64. Plagens, Gregory. (2011). Social Capital and Education: Implications for Student and School Performance. Education and Culture. 27. 40-64. 10.1353/eac.2011.0007.
  65. Poulou, M. S. (2017). Social and emotional learning and teacher-student relationships: Preschool teachers’ and students; perceptions. Early Childhood Education Journal, 45, 427-435.
  66. Pulindao, F. L., & Mohamad, H. A. (2023). Learners’ View of English Language Learning Through Modular Approach-A Phenomenology. American Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation, 2(4), 20-35.
  67. Riset, K., & Tinggi, T D P. (2020, April 19). Garuda. https://garuda.kemdikbud.go.id/documents/detail/2091264 
  68. Reyes, F. M., Abdulgani, M., Aliuden, M. F., Mantikayan, J., Guiamalon, T., Dilna, S.,   Mohamad, H., & Nawal, S. Z. (2022). Event Management System With SMS Notification for Mindanao People’s Care Foundation, Inc. Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 3(7), 600-609.
  69. Rivas, A., Mohamad, H., Lumabao, B., & Sinsuat, D. R. R. (2022) Vlogging Among Filipino Youth: A Discourse Analysis. Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 4(9), 846-854.
  70. Sağkal, A S., Türnüklü, A., & Totan, T. (2016, August 20). Peace Education’s Effects on Aggression: A Mixed Method Study. https://scite.ai/reports/10.14689/ejer.2016.64.3
  71. Salah, H., Abdulgani, M., Aliuden, M. F., Mantikayan, J., Guiamalon, T., Dilna, S., … & Ferolino, M. F. (2022). Adopting Human Resource Information System (HRIS)-Enabled Government Transformation: Perspective of MBHTE Employees. Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 3(7), 610-615.
  72. Salindao, N.A., Salindao, N., Mohamad, H., Kasan, N., (2022). Modular Distance Learning Gaps: Relationship Between Teachers’ and Students’ Performances in Grade 9 Science. Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 3(6), 533-54
  73. Sambayon, Janice & Luceñara, Danica & Luceñara, Crisanta & Bayron, Queennie & Peñaloga, Romnick & Larombe, Emelyn & Saro, Jeffry. (2023). Effectiveness of Contextualized Learning Materials in Improving the Reading Skills and Comprehension Level of the Students. Volume 7. 435-444. 10.5281/zenodo.7702258.
  74. Sambayon, Janice & Luceñara, Danica & Luceñara, Crisanta & Bayron, Queennie & Peñaloga, Romnick & Larombe, Emelyn & Saro, Jeffry. (2023). Effectiveness of Contextualized Learning Materials in Improving the Reading Skills and Comprehension Level of the Students. Volume 7. 435-444. 10.5281/zenodo.7702258.
  75. Sarce, John paolo & Rosales, Ma. Junithesmer. (2023). The Philippines Literary Classroom On Teaching Multicultural Literature. Multicultural Education. 30. 9-15. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/375275223_The_Philippines_Literary_Classroom_On_Teaching_Multicultural_Literature/citation/download
  76. Saro, Jeffry & Manliguez, Maynard & Buao, Alfred & Buar, Irene & Almonicar, Arcelie. (2022). New Normal Education: Strategies, Methods, and Trends of Teaching-Learning on Students' Perspectives and Its Effectiveness. Volume 5. 259-265. 10.5281/zenodo.7242770.
  77. Sloik, M. (2018). Inclusion for All: Bridging the Gap between What We Know and What We Do. BU Journal of Graduate Studies in Education, 10(1), 17–20.
  78. Sinsuat, D. R. R., Abdulgani, M., Mantikayan, J., & Mohamad, H. (2022). The Effectiveness of Augmented Reality (AR) as a Tool of Office for Ministry of Basic, Higher, and Technical Education in Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao. Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 3(5),468-479. 
  79. Smith, A. (2023). Introduction to Holistic Education & Its Impact
  80. Somma, M., & Bennett, S. (2020). Inclusive education and pedagogical change: experiences from the front lines. International Journal of Educational Methodology, 6(2), 285-295. H
  81. Stevens, M. (2020). Education Delivery Towards Better Tommrow of Children. https://www.researchgate.net
  82. Sturgiss, E., Barton, C (2023, April) Using Normalisation Process Theory in general practice research. https://www1.racgp.org.au/ajgp/2023/april/using-normalisation-process-theory-in-general-prac
  83. Sutiah., & Supriyono, S. (2021, January 1). Design of Information System for Peace Education Based on Unified Modelling Language. https://scite.ai/reports/10.2991/assehr.k.210421.035
  84. Tapia, & Polonskaia, A. (2020). The 5 Disciplines of Inclusive Leaders (1st edition). Berrett-Koehler Publishers.
  85. The Scots College, Sydney (2017) : Australia Educational Philosophy (What Is It All About 2017, September 20; Retrieved from: https://www.tsc.nsw.edu.au/educational-philosophy-what-is-it-all-about/
  86. Theories of Educational Administration (n.d). Retrieved from: https://nroer.gov.in/home/file/readDoc/59835e9016b51cc4c4db26bc/Theories%20Related%20to%20Educational%20Administration.pdf
  87. This book is open access under a CC BY 4.0 license.. Zawacki-Richter, Olaf & Qayyum, Adnan. (2019). Open and Distance Education in Asia, Africa and the Middle East. 10.1007/978-981-13-5787-9.
  88. Tikly, L., & Barrett, A M. (2011, January 1). Social justice, capabilities and the quality of education in low income countries. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijedudev.2010.06.001 
  89. Ugalingan, T., Bawa, L., Carpisano, R., Akmad, A., Mentato, M., Manakan, P., Sinsuat,   D.R.R.R., & Mohamad, H. (2023). Causes and Coping Strategies of Stuttering Students in Speaking English. Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 8(10), 1206-1232.
  90. Usman, S. M., Abdulgani, M. A., Faheem, M., Aliuden, M., Mantikayan, J. M., Abdulgani, R. A., .. & Mohamad, H. A. (2022). Inventory and Monitoring System on Logistic Vehicles and Passengers Loading Plan for Offiice of the Presidential Adviser on the Peace Process (OPAPP). Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal.
  91. Valle-Flórez, R.-E., de Caso Fuertes, A. M., Baelo, R., & Marcos-Santiago, R. (2022). Inclusive Culture in Compulsory Education Centers: Values, Participation and Teachers’ Perceptions. Children (Basel), 9(6), 813–. https://doi.org/10.3390/children9060813
  92. Wagner, Natascha & Rieger, Matthias & Voorvelt, Katherine. (2016). Gender, Ethnicity and Teaching Evaluations: Evidence from Mixed Teaching Teams. Economics of Education Review. 54. 10.1016/j.econedurev.2016.06.004.
  93. Warnick, Bryan. (2014). Taming the Conflict over Educational Equality. Journal of Applied Philosophy. 32. 10.1111/japp.12066. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/261804581_Taming_the_Conflict_over_Educational_Equality/citation/download
  94. Wilson, S. (2004, January 1). Taming the Constitution: Rights and Reform in the South African Education System. https://doi.org/10.1080/19962126.2004.11864828
  95. Yamey, G. (2011, June 28). Scaling Up Global Health Interventions: A Proposed Framework for Success. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1001049
  96. Yaqin, Ainul. (2014). Multicultural Education Development; Phylosophy and Implementation. Jurnal Pendidikan Islam. 2. 327. 10.14421/jpi.2013.22.327-353.
  97. Yehia, Rehab. (2016). Digital Inclusion in Egyptian Education for Social Justice Analytical Study. 10.13140/RG.2.2.29605.96487.https://www.researchgate.net/publication/328407640_Digital_Inclusion_in_Egyptian_Education_for_Social_Justice_Analytical_Study/citation/download
  98. Yilmaz, F. (2018, July 28). Road to Peace Education: Peace and Violence from the Viewpoint of Children. https://scite.ai/reports/10.5539/ies.v11n8p141
  99. Young, Sherman. (2018). From Disruption to Innovation: Thoughts on the Future of MOOCs. Voprosy obrazovaniya / Educational Studies Moscow. 17. 21-43. 10.17323/1814-9545-2018-4-21-43.
  100. Yun, Mitos Sheila. (2021). Micro-Practices of Multicultural Education in Online Classes at a Local University during the COVID-19 Pandemic. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/349038671_Micro-Practices_of_Multicultural_Education_in_Online_Classes_at_a_Local_University_during_the_COVID-
  101. Zaniel, Z., Mohamad, H., Parcon, M., (2023). Grade II Learners Early Language Literacy (ELL) in Modular Distance Learning at Simuay Junction Central Elementary School. Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 7(2), 47-60.
  102. Zubia, Bianca, (2023)."Best Practices For Inclusive Education Based On Perceptions Of Stakeholders In Southern California" (2023). Electronic Theses, Projects, and Dissertations. 1744. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/1744

Tools


Copyright © 2026  KITE Digital Educational Solutions |  Exclusively distributed by CE-Logic