Managing Stakeholders in Elementary Schools: Leadership Practices for Effective School Operations in Zambales
Raymond D. Espiritu
Discipline: Education
References:
- Acosta, J. E., & de Guzman, M. D. (2025). Chal-lenges in cooperative learning approach in secondary social studies instruction, Zone 1, Department of Education, Division of Zambales, Philippines. International Journal of Multidisciplinary: Applied Busi-ness and Education Research, 6(3), 1001-1009. https://doi.org/10.11594/ijma-ber.06.03.02">https://doi.org/10.11594/ijma-ber.06.03.02">https://doi.org/10.11594/ijma-ber.06.03.02
- Aidla, A., & Vadi, M. (2008). Relations between attitudes of school administrations to-wards school performance criteria and the national examination results in Esto-nian schools. Trames Journal of the Hu-manities and Social Sciences, 12(1), 73-94. https://doi.org/10.3176/tr.2008.1.05">https://doi.org/10.3176/tr.2008.1.05">https://doi.org/10.3176/tr.2008.1.05
- Anastacio, K. V. (2025). Preparedness, chal-lenges, and coping mechanisms of teach-ers and school heads in the implementa-tion of face-to-face classes in Zone 2, Schools Division of Zambales, Philippines. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Applied Business and Education Re-search, 6(3), 1022. https://doi.org/10.11594/ijma-ber.06.03.04">https://doi.org/10.11594/ijma-ber.06.03.04">https://doi.org/10.11594/ijma-ber.06.03.04
- Annet, K. A. (2025). Conflict resolution strate-gies for school leaders. RESEARCH IN-VENTION JOURNAL OF CURRENT ISSUES IN ARTS AND MANAGEMENT, 4(2), 5. https://doi.org/10.59298/rijciam/2025/42511">https://doi.org/10.59298/rijciam/2025/42511">https://doi.org/10.59298/rijciam/2025/42511
- Arombo, C. M. L. (2023). Master teachers-school heads designate’s instructional competencies, instructional leadership practices, and challenges.
- Aula, N., Ikhwan, A., & Nuraini, N. (2020). The leadership role of the principal as super-visor in conflict management at Muham-madiyah 2 Madiun High School, East Java, Indonesia. AL-HAYAT Journal of Islamic Education, 4(1), 90. https://doi.org/10.35723/ajie.v4i1.112">https://doi.org/10.35723/ajie.v4i1.112">https://doi.org/10.35723/ajie.v4i1.112
- Antigo, C. L., & de Guzman, M. F. D. (2024). Re-sumption of in-person classes in public secondary schools Division of Zambales: Priorities and challenges for shared re-sponsibility. International Journal of Mul-tidisciplinary: Applied Business and Edu-cation Research, 5(12), 5175-5198. https://doi.org/10.11594/ijma-ber.05.12.20">https://doi.org/10.11594/ijma-ber.05.12.20">https://doi.org/10.11594/ijma-ber.05.12.20
- Battad, J. L. (2024). Instructional leadership skills of school heads and its relation to the self-efficacy of elementary teachers in Castillejos District. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Applied Business and Education Research, 5(8), 3071. https://doi.org/10.11594/ijma-ber.05.08.12">https://doi.org/10.11594/ijma-ber.05.08.12">https://doi.org/10.11594/ijma-ber.05.08.12
- De Guzman, M. F. D., & Blanco, M. J. D. (2024). Achieving productivity in the new normal: Teachers’ work productivity in public sec-ondary schools Division of Zambales. In-ternational Journal of Multidisciplinary: Applied Business and Education Re-search, 5(12), 5199-5217. https://doi.org/10.11594/ijma-ber.05.12.21">https://doi.org/10.11594/ijma-ber.05.12.21">https://doi.org/10.11594/ijma-ber.05.12.21
- Devanadera, C., & Ching, D. A. (2023). School head’s managerial roles as correlates of organizational performance. Interna-tional Journal of Educational Management and Development Studies, 4(3), 110. https://doi.org/10.53378/353015">https://doi.org/10.53378/353015">https://doi.org/10.53378/353015
- Eustaquio, R. P., & Espiritu, R. D. (2025). Ele-mentary teachers’ academic preparation and performance. International Journal of Multidisciplinary: Applied Business and Education Research, 6(11), 5448-5459. https://doi.org/10.11594/ijma-ber.06.11.06">https://doi.org/10.11594/ijma-ber.06.11.06">https://doi.org/10.11594/ijma-ber.06.11.06
- Guerrero, J., & Espiritu, R. D. (2025). Benefits and drawbacks of smartphone use on Eng-lish academic performance of Grade 3 learners. International Journal of Multi-disciplinary: Applied Business and Educa-tion Research, 6(11), 5658-5670. https://doi.org/10.11594/ijma-ber.06.11.25">https://doi.org/10.11594/ijma-ber.06.11.25">https://doi.org/10.11594/ijma-ber.06.11.25
- Hussein, A. (2025). Voices from the frontline: School leaders on effective communica-tion. EDULEARN Proceedings, 1, 3239. https://doi.org/10.21125/edu-learn.2025.0857">https://doi.org/10.21125/edu-learn.2025.0857">https://doi.org/10.21125/edu-learn.2025.0857
- Mincu, M. (2022). Why is school leadership key to transforming education? Structural and cultural assumptions for quality educa-tion in diverse contexts. Prospects, 52, 231. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11125-022-09625-6">https://doi.org/10.1007/s11125-022-09625-6">https://doi.org/10.1007/s11125-022-09625-6
- Murugi, R. M., & Mugwe, M. (2023). Stakehold-ers’ involvement and school leadership for effective implementation of strategic planning. Journal of Research Innovation and Implications in Education, 277. https://doi.org/10.59765/fa59zan3">https://doi.org/10.59765/fa59zan3">https://doi.org/10.59765/fa59zan3
- Quintino, B. B., & Espiritu, R. D. (2025). As-sessing the role of screen time and digital literacy in student learning at Learning Circle Inc., Olongapo City. International Journal of Multidisciplinary: Applied Busi-ness and Education Research, 6(11), 5574-5584. https://doi.org/10.11594/ijma-ber.06.11.18">https://doi.org/10.11594/ijma-ber.06.11.18">https://doi.org/10.11594/ijma-ber.06.11.18
- Reyes, J. T., & De Guzman, M. D. (2021). The role of communication in transforming educa-tion systems: Lessons from the Philip-pines. Journal of Educational Administra-tion, 43(3), 215-230.
- Roque, J. (2023). Revisiting the level of school-based management in public elementary schools of Santiago City, Isabela, Philip-pines. Journal for Educators Teachers and Trainers, 14(1). https://doi.org/10.47750/jett.2023.14.01.012">https://doi.org/10.47750/jett.2023.14.01.012">https://doi.org/10.47750/jett.2023.14.01.012
- Saga, J. G. (2025). A structural model on school management effectiveness. International Journal of Research and Innovation in So-cial Science, 3303. https://doi.org/10.47772/ijriss.2025.90300259">https://doi.org/10.47772/ijriss.2025.90300259">https://doi.org/10.47772/ijriss.2025.90300259
- Salamondra, T. (2021). Effective communica-tion in schools. BU Journal of Graduate Studies in Education, 13(1), 22. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1303981.pdf">https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1303981.pdf">https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1303981.pdf
- Saraih, E. F., Wong, S. L., Asimiran, S., & Kham-bari, M. N. Md. (2022). Contemporary communication conduit among exemplar school principals in Malaysian schools. Research and Practice in Technology Enhanced Learning, 17(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s41039-022-00179-x">https://doi.org/10.1186/s41039-022-00179-x">https://doi.org/10.1186/s41039-022-00179-x
- Silva, P., Dodel, M., & Pepe, A. I. (2020). Entre el cuaderno de comunicados y el smartphone: Los desafíos para la gestión en centros educativos uruguayos en el contexto de comunicación digital. Dixit, 32, 61. https://doi.org/10.22235/d.vi32.2118">https://doi.org/10.22235/d.vi32.2118">https://doi.org/10.22235/d.vi32.2118
- Waller, S. K., Waller, L., Mpofu, V., & Kurebwa, M. (2020). Education at the intersection of globalization and technology. In IntechOpen eBooks. IntechOpen. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.87331">https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.87331">https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.87331
- Zhang, S., Li, Y., & Li, M. (2025). Instructional leadership and teacher self-efficacy: How leadership influences teacher motivation. Journal of Educational Psychology, 115(3), 534-550. https://doi.org/10.1037/edu0000203