HomePsychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journalvol. 19 no. 2 (2024)

Praxis of Integrative Approach towards Developing English Proficiency of Elementary School Learners: Basis for a Proposed Innovative Instructional Framework

Lelia Fortuna | Gloria Ching

Discipline: Education

 

Abstract:

The study aimed to know the effect of praxis of integrative approach towards developing English proficiency of elementary school learners. The findings of the study shall become the basis for the formulation of an innovative instructional framework that would enhance the English proficiency of elementary school learners and teaching approaches of elementary school teachers. Based on the findings of the study, the teacher’s use of the integrative teaching approach should be strengthened, which could be accomplished through thematic teaching, learning by design, content-based instruction, and scaffolded knowledge integration. These teaching approaches could be used in teaching and learning to significantly improve learners' performance levels. Learners' English proficiency could be improved by implementing diverse, relevant, and responsive learning activities that employ various integrative teaching approaches. These could be incorporated into teachers' daily learning plans through various learning episodes such as priming activity, motivation, analysis, abstraction, and application. The study found that there is a significant effect on the implementation of an integrative approach to English proficiency in terms of reading, speaking, and writing; therefore, a more explicit curriculum delivery using an integrative approach is highly recommended for implementation in the teaching of the English language.



References:

  1. Afna, M. & Sutriani, J. (2022). The Correlation between Vocabulary and Speaking Skill. Journal of Linguistics, Literature & Language Teaching, 4(1), 43–71.
  2. Alaye, A. (2019). The Roles of the Teachers and Students in the Integrative Language Teaching Approach and Factors That Affect the Use of the Approach in Actual Classroom: Review Article. Journal of Literature, Languages and Linguistics.
  3. Alaye, Amarech & Tegegne, Wondimu. (2021). The Roles of the Teachers and Students in the Integrative Language Teaching Approach and Factors That Affect the Use of the Approach in Actual Classroom: Review Article. 80. 1-6. 10.7176/JLLL/80-01.
  4. Aslam, Namrah & Khanam, Afifa & Gulnaz, Hafiza & Akbar, Hina & Muhammad, Noor. (2018). Study of the Impact of Scaffold Instructions on the Learning Achievements of Post-Graduate Students.
  5. Baladhay, R. (2022). Teaching Reading and Writing to Young Learner. Press Reader. Retrieved from https://www.pressreader.com/philippines/sun-star-bacolod/20221228/281612424474631 on 3, March 2023
  6. Barrot, J. S. (2019). English Curriculum Reform in the Philippines: Issues and Challenges from a 21st Century Learning Perspective. Journal of Language, Identity & Education, 18(3), 145-160.
  7. Barus, I. R. G., Simanjuntak, M. B., & Resmayasari, I. (2021). Reading Literacies through Evieta-based Learning Material: Students Perceptions (Study Case Taken from Vocational School–IPB University). Journal of Advanced English Studies, 4(1), 15-20.
  8. Baulo, Janisah & Nabua, Edna. (2019). Behaviourism: Its Implication to Education.
  9. Budiman, Budiman & Ishak, Jaswadi & Rohani, Rohani & Lalu, Lalu & Jaelani, M.Pd. (2023). Enhancing English Language Proficiency: Strategies for Improving Student Skills. Journal of Scientific Research, Education, and Technology (JSRET). 2. 1118-1123. 10.58526/jsret. v2i3.205.
  10. Bula, O. (2019) Content-based Instruction: a relevant approach of language teaching. Innovation in Educaiton. 5(15), 28-37
  11. Cope, Bill, and Mary Kalantzis (eds). 2015. A Pedagogy of Multiliteracies: Learning by Design. Palgrave: London.
  12. Creswell, J.W., & Creswell, J. D. (2018). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publication, Inc.
  13. Diaz-Rico, Lynne T. (1995). The Crosscultural, Language, and Academic Development Handbook: A Complete K-12 Reference Guide
  14. Ermoso, S. (2017). Promoting English Proficiency among HS Students. Press Reader. Retrieved from https://www.pressreader.com/philippines/panay-news/20170223/282179355853440 on 3, March 2023
  15. Fernandez, M. (2019). Teaching Techniques. Press reader. Retrieved from https://www.pressreader.com/philippines/sunstar-pampanga/20190225/281715500901161 on 3, March 2023
  16. Flores, E. (2017). Teaching English Effectively. Press reader. Retrieved from https://www.pressreader.com/philippines/sunstar-pampanga/20170506/281732679393646 on 3, March 2023
  17. Gravisse, C., Rothkugel, S., & Reuter, R. (2019). Scaffolding supports through integration of learning material. Smart Learning Environments. 6(28), 1-24
  18. Grevisse, C., Rothkugel, S., & Reuter, R. (2019). Scaffolding Supports through Integration of Learning Materials. Smart Learning Environment. 28(2019). Retrieved from https://slejournal.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s40561-019-0107-0
  19. Guerreiro, M., Barker, E., & Johnson, J. (2022). Measuring Student Reading Comprehension, Performance: Considerations of Accuracy, Equity, and Engagement by Embedding Comprehension Items within Reading Passages. Practical Assessment, Research, and Evaluation. 27(2022), DOI: https://doi.org/10.7275/ch8r-tx33
  20. His, J. & Agogino, A. (2020). The Effect of Scaffolding on Non-proficient EFL Learners’ Performance in an Academic Writing Class. LEARN Language. 13(2), 288-305
  21. Hsi, S. & Agogino, A. (2020). Scaffolding Knowledge Integration through Designing Multimedia Case Studies of Engineering Design.ASEE Frontiers in Engineering Education.
  22. Intesol. (2018). English Teaching Methods. Huntes. Retrieved from http://www.huntesl.com/a-brief-look-at-the-different-esl-teaching-approaches-and-methods/ on 3, March 2023
  23. Islam, M. S., Hasan, M. K., Sultana, S., Karim, A., & Rahman, M. M. (2021). English Language Assessment in Bangladesh Today:Principles, Practices, and Problems. Language Testing in Asia, 11(1), 1-21.
  24. Kasthinath, K., & Raju, M. (2020). Techniques and Strategies for Improving Writing Skills of High School Students. Palarch’s Journalof Archaelogy of Egypt. 17(7), https://archives.palarch.nl/index.php/jae/article/view/3123
  25. Lee, Y.L. & Tee, M.Y. (2021). Facilitator’s Scaffolding Strategies in a Design-based Learning Concept. International Journal for SocialScience and Humanities. 5(2), 15-33.
  26. Mardiana, Diani & Mohamed, Suziyani & Bakar, Kamariah & Ismail, Nurul. (2019). Further Study on Implementing Thematic Teaching in Preschool: A Needs Analysis Research. Creative Education. 10. 2887-2898. 10.4236/ce.2019.1012214. Milanković Jovanov, Jelena & Ivkov-Dzigurski, Andjelija & Stanisavljević, Jelena & Ivanović Bibić, Ljubica & Petrović, Marko &
  27. Đukičin, Smiljana. (2022). Is the Integrative Teaching Approach Beneficial for Learning?. International Journal of Cognitive Research in Science Engineering and Education. 10. 173–183.. 10.23947/2334-8496-2022-10-2-173-183.
  28. McCombes, S. (2019). Descriptive Research | Definition | Types | Methods & Examples. Retrieved from https://www.scribbr.com/methodology/descriptive-research/
  29. Norbahira Mohamad Nor, Radzuwan Ab Rashid, (2018).A review of theoretical perspectives on language learning and acquisition, Kasetsart Journal of Social Sciences. Volume 39, Issue 1, Pages 161-167,ISSN 2452-3151. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.kjss.2017.12.012.
  30. Nurlaela, L., Samani, M., Asto, I. G. P., & Wibawa, S. C. (2018). The effect of thematic learning model, learning style, and reading ability on the students’ learning outcomes. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 296, 012039. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/296/1/01203
  31. Pangket, W. (2019). Oral English proficiency: Factors affecting the learners’ development. International Journal of Science and Management Studies, 2(2), 88-98.
  32. Pessoa, S., Hendry, H., Donato, R., Tucker, R., & Lee, H. (2018). Content-based Instruction in the Foreign Language Classroom: A Discourse Perspective. Foreign Language Annals. 40(1), 102-119.
  33. Richards, J. and Rodgers, T. (2020). Content-Based Instruction. Cambridge University Press. Retrieved from https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/abs/approaches-and-methods-in-language-teaching/contentbased-instruction/6843C49207D171A1AD90782D3649C7B0 on 3, March 2023
  34. Rutherford, W. (1995). [Review of HOW LANGUAGES ARE LEARNED, by P. Lightbown & N. Spada]. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 17(4), 531–533. http://www.jstor.org/stable/44488603
  35. Santos, Annie & Fernandez, Vanessa & Ilustre, Ramil. (2022). English Language Proficiency in the Philippines: An Overview. International Journal of English Language Studies. 4. 46-51. 10.32996/ijels.2022.4.3.7.
  36. Saraswathi, G. & Stanly, Leo & Research,.(2018). Thematic Approach -A New Perspective in Teaching. 7. 2249-894x.
  37. Sosas, R. V. (2021). Technology in Teaching Speaking and its Effects to Students Learning English. Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies, 17(2), 958-970.
  38. Suson, R., Baratbate, C., Anoos, W., Ermac, E., Aranas, A. G., Malabago, N., ... & Capuyan, D. (2020). Differentiated Instruction for Basic Reading Comprehension in Philippine Settings. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 8(9), 3814-3824.
  39. Tayag, E. (2020). Integrative Approach. Press reader. Retrieved from https://www.pressreader.com/philippines/sunstarpampanga/20200805/281668257317240 on 3, March 2023
  40. Tesol, I. (2018). Integrated Approach in Teaching-learning English. Faculty of Law, Malikussaleh University, 122–128. http://ejournal.unp.ac.id/index.php/selt/article/viewFile/6778/5317
  41. Tsai, C., Shin, W., Hsieh, F., Chen, Y., & Lian-ling C. (2022). Applying the design-based learning model to foster undergraduates’ web design skills: the role of knowledge integration. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education. 19(4), 116.
  42. Vanichvasin, P. (2019). Effects of Content-Based Instruction on English Language Performance of Thai Undergraduate Students in a Non-English Program. English Language Teaching, 12(8), 20. https://doi.org/10.5539/elt.v12n8p20
  43. Wiseman, J. (2018). What is Content and Language Integrated Learning? Pearson. Retrieved from https://www.english.com/blog/content-and-language-integrated-learning/ on 3, March 2023
  44. Zapata, G. (2022). Learning by Design and Second Language Teaching. Routledge. Taylor and Francis Group. DOI: 10.4324/9781003106258-1.